Write a rate equation given the steps in the following reaction mechanism. The molecular formula of the relevant species should be used for your answer.
Write a rate equation given the steps in the following reaction mechanism. The molecular formula of the relevant species should be used for your answer.
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Write a rate equation given the steps in the following reaction mechanism. The molecular formula of the relevant species should be used for your answer.
Transcribed Image Text:This image represents a chemical reaction mechanism involving bromine and an acetyl oxide. The mechanism occurs in two steps as follows:
1. **First Reaction (Slow Step):**
- *Reactants:* An alkyl bromide (:O::Br) and a methoxy anion (:Ø:⁻CH₃).
- *Product of the First Step:* A bromomethoxy anion forms where the bromine is bonded to the methoxy group (:Ø::Ø⁻CH₃Br), showing a negative charge on the oxygen.
- The arrow indicating the step is labeled 'slow', suggesting that this is the rate-determining step of the reaction.
2. **Second Reaction (Fast Step):**
- *Intermediate Reactant:* The bromomethoxy anion (:Ø::Ø⁻CH₃Br) rearranges.
- *Products Include:*
- An ester compound, with a carbonyl group linked to the methoxy group (:Ø=C(Ø⁻CH₃)).
- A bromide ion (:Br⁻).
- The arrow indicating this step is labeled 'fast', implying this step occurs rapidly after the intermediate forms.
The diagram clearly illustrates the movement of electrons and the transition from reactants to products in each step. The use of charge symbols (⁻) on oxygen atoms and bromine also indicates the areas of negative charge in the reaction mechanism.
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