WORK, PEOPLING POLITICS & POWER IDEAS, BELIEFS, & CULTURE IDENTITY EXCHANGE, & TECHNOLOGY Merchants defy Sugar and Stamp Acts • Migration into the Ohio• Stamp Act Congress Valley after Pontiac's • Patriots call for American unity • Concept of popular sovereignty gains force in the colonies 1763 (1765) Rebellion • First Continental Congress (1774) • The idea of natural • Patriots mount three boycotts of British goods, in 1765, 1767, and 1774 • Colonists lay dlaim to rights of Englishmen • Quebec Act (1774) rights poses a challenge to the institution of allows Catholicism • Second Continental Congress (1775) chattel slavery Boycotts spur Patriat women to make textiles • The Declaration of • Dedlining immigration from Eurape (1775-1820) enhances American identity • Manufacturing expands during the war • Judith Sargent Murray publishes "On the Equality of the Sexes" (1779) • Thomas Paine's Common Sense (1776) 1776 Independence (1776) causes colonists • States adopt republican constitutions (1776 on) • Cutoff of trade and to rethink palitical loyalties severe inflation • African American slaves seek freedam through military service • Emancipation of slaves begins in the North threaten economy • Articles of Confederation ratified • States rely on property qualifications to define citizenship rights in their new constitutions • War debt grows • Vrginia enacts religious freedom (1786) (1781) • Treaty of Paris (1783) • Bank of North America founded (1781) • uS. Constitution • State cessions, land ordinances, and Indian wars create national domain in the West • Politicians and ministers deny vote to women; praise republican • Indians form Western Confederacy (1790) 1787 drafted (1787) • Secand Great Awakening (1790- 1860) • Land speculation • Conflict over Alexander motherhood increases in the West Hamilton's econamic • The Alien Act makes it harder for immigrants • Bill af Rights ratified (1791) policies • First national parties: Federalists and Republicans • Emerging political to become citizens and • Sedition Act limits freedom of the press (1798) divide between South allow for departing aliens (1798) and North • Catton autput and demand for African • Free blacks enhance sense of African Suffrage for white men expands; New Jersey retracts suffrage for propertied women (1807) • Tenskwatawa and Tecumseh revive 1800 Jefferson reduces activism of national labor expands government American identity Western Indian Confederacy • Farm productivity improves • Chief Justice Marshall asserts federal judicial powers • Religious benevolence engenders social reform • War of 1812 tests national unity • Atlantic slave trade ends (1808) movements • Embargo encourages U.S. manufacturing • Triumph of Republican Party and end of Federalist Party • State constitutions • American Colonization Saciety founded (1817) democratized • Second Bank of the United States chartered (1816–1836) • Supreme Court guards property