Within a few weeks of treatment for herpes virus with the drug isonazide, a patient's herpes virus population consists entirely of isonazide-resistant viruses. How can this result best be explained? O A. The drug caused the HIV RNA genome to change B. The isonazide drug spontaeously converted to a form ineffective against the virus. OC. HIV began making drug-resistant versions of reverse transcriptase (a viral enzyme) in response to the drug OD. None of the above

Q: Jenny works on a cow farm and has recently come down with a certain type of flu that has never been…

A: Flu disease is caused by virus in animals.

Q: A researcher, studying two different animal viruses (A and B) that infect the same cell type,…

A: Viruses are non-living infectious agents that can replicate only within the living cells of a host…

Q: Brefiefly summarize how each type of vaccine triggers an immune response (Remeber that the immune…

A: Even stopping one case of COVID-19 can help to reduce the overall number of cases over time by test.…

Q: In general which viruses are more likely to mutate because they do not have a proofreading mechanism…

A: An organism's mutation rate is defined as the likelihood that a change in genetic information is…

Q: 105) The Baltimore classification a. There were 4 classes for DNA families b. There were 6 classes…

A: Baltimore classification: It is based on the fact that the virus synthesizes mRNA for further…

Q: What is the function of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses? O A. It converts host cell RNA into…

A: Retroviruses are positive sense single stranded RNA viruses which replicate inside the host cells.…

Q: The HIV virus produces copies of its genome through:     A. DNA replication     B. Reverse…

A: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a type of RNA virus that affects the person's immune cell.…

Q: Which of the following is NOT true about viruses? O a. The vast majority cause severe disease of…

A: Virus  Viruses are non living particles when present out side the host cell and when enters/ infects…

Q: 92) The rate of viral mutation a. Is higher in negative single stranded RNA viruses than positive…

A: ANSWER) (d) Is higher in negative single stranded RNA than the single stranded DNA

Q: Viral “spikes” are usually involved in    A. Uncoating the virus particle  B. Killing the host cell…

A: The small microscopic organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye are called microorganisms or…

Q: Stress can cause a latent virus to enter the lytic cycle, resulting in symptoms for the host. A.…

A: Virus is non - cellular particle which is smaller than the bacteria.  They  act as alive when enter…

Q: Influenza Virus has a    genome and can jump hosts easily because of its genome   A. DNA;…

A: Virus is a microscopic organism which contains a protective coat and the nucleic acid. It doesn’t…

Q: A virus is isolated, and individual virions appear spherical. What type of virus is this? A.…

A: The essential construction or structure of a virus is comprised of a hereditary information molecule…

Q: Viruses code for their own independent protein synthesis. A. True B. False

A: The mechanism by which cells make proteins is known as protein synthesis. Transcription and…

Q: 73) Provirus is a term to describe a. The empty capsid without the genome in case of viruses with…

A: Provirus is the viral form that is integrated into the host cell DNA and replicate to transmit them…

Q: Plasmids are circular extrachromosomal DNA in bacteria that play a role in:       d. degradation…

A: Plasmids are extrachromosomal circular DNA inserted within bacteria which provide certain advantage…

Q: Like all viruses, HIV must utilize the host: ○ a. reverse transcriptase. ○ b. ribosomes. О с.…

A: HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a retrovirus that targets CD4+ T cells in particular,…

Q: Predict how mutations in the gene that encodes the spike protein might affect the types of cells the…

A: Introduction :- The spike protein is a component of many different types of viruses, including…

Q: 82) The viral assembly a. The assembly of human adenovirus in the cytoplasm b. The assembly of…

A: The microorganisms are the microscopic living things that can be observed only under a microscope.…

Q: 97) In order for a retrovirus to be infectious a. The p25 protein is cleaved by the protease enzyme…

A: Introduction: Retroviruses are a family of viruses that are grouped together based on how it is…

Q: In order for a +ssRNA virus to undergo replication, it first needs to ________.   a. translate…

A: The viruses are considered as obligate intracellular parasites that needed a host for their…

Q: Which of the following descriptions correctly identifies a main structural difference between…

A: Viruses are generally considered as borderline of life as they has non-living nature outside a…

Q: Why can’t retrotransposons move from one cell to another like retroviruses?a. Because they do not…

A: Transposons or jumping genes are small stretch of DNA(deoxy ribonucleic acid) that have the ability…

Q: The lytic replication cycle results in bacteriophage DNA integrated into the host genome. A. True…

A: A bacteriophage, also called a phage informally, is a virus that infects and replicates within…

Q: After attachment and entry, the next step of viral lifecycle is to…

A: To complete their life cycle, the viruses require a host cell. This is due to the fact that they…

Q: What type of virus is more vulnerable to being inactivated?  a. Non-enveloped b. enveloped viruses…

A: In the realm of virology, understanding the vulnerabilities of different types of viruses is crucial…

Q: d. Mimiviruses

A:

Q: Match terms with descriptions based on the text above. You can use an answer more than once or not…

A: The terms prevalence and incidence are used to characterize the magnitude of a condition in a…

Q: A virus with an envelope is most likely  A. an animal virus  B. better able to hide from the hosts…

A: when virus infect a cell , it penetrate the cell membrane and reaches the nucleus . after its life…

Q: Herpesviruses cause several skin diseases. Considering some features all of these conditions have in…

A: A virus, an unseen microorganism, infiltrates our body. It infiltrates our tissues and then…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.