Wilens and colleagues (2008) studied the association between bipolar disorder and substance abuse. In their study, they reported a 95% CI that “bipolar disorder was associated with an age-adjusted risk for… alcohol abuse (7.66 [2.20, 26.70), drug abuse (18.5 [2.46, 139.10]), dependence (12.1 [ 1.54, 95.50]…and cigarette smoking (12.3[2.83, 53.69])” (p. 188). Which risk factor was associated with the least variability? Which risk factor was associated with the most variability?
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Wilens and colleagues (2008) studied the association between bipolar disorder and substance abuse. In their study, they reported a 95% CI that “bipolar disorder was associated with an age-adjusted risk for… alcohol abuse (7.66 [2.20, 26.70), drug abuse (18.5 [2.46, 139.10]), dependence (12.1 [ 1.54, 95.50]…and cigarette smoking (12.3[2.83, 53.69])” (p. 188).
- Which risk factor was associated with the least variability?
- Which risk factor was associated with the most variability?
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- A Michigan study concerning preference for outdoor activities used a questionnaire with a six-point Likert-type response in which 1 designated "not important" and 6 designated "extremely important." A random sample of n1 = 44 adults were asked about fishing as an outdoor activity. The mean response was x1 = 4.9. Another random sample of n2 = 49 adults were asked about camping as an outdoor activity. For this group, the mean response was x2 = 4.1. From previous studies, it is known that ?1 = 1.5 and ?2 = 2.0. Does this indicate a difference (either way) regarding preference for camping versus preference for fishing as an outdoor activity? Use a 5% level of significance. Note: A Likert scale usually has to do with approval of or agreement with a statement in a questionnaire. For example, respondents are asked to indicate whether they "strongly agree," "agree," "disagree," or "strongly disagree" with the statement.In a survey of working parents (both parents working), one of the questions asked was "Have you refused a job, promotion, or transfer because it would mean less time with your family?" 410410 men and 410410 women were asked this question. 26%26% of the men and 19%19% of the women responded "Yes". Based on this survey, can it be concluded that there is a difference in the proportion of men ( p1p1 ) and women ( p2p2 ) responding "Yes"? Use a significance level of α=0.05α=0.05 for the test. Step 3 of 5 : Compute the value of the test statistic. Round your answer to two decimal places.A random sample of n1 = 157 people ages 16 to 19 were taken from the island of Oahu, Hawaii, and 12 were found to be high school dropouts. Another random sample of n2 = 129 people ages 16 to 19 were taken from Sweetwater County, Wyoming, and 6 were found to be high school dropouts. Do these data indicate that the population proportion of high school dropouts on Oahu is different (either way) from that of Sweetwater County? Use a 1% level of significance. (a) What is the level of significance? What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Test the difference p1 − p2. Do not use rounded values. Round your final answer to two decimal places.) (c) Find (or estimate) the P-value. (Round your answer to four decimal places.)
- If Miller (2008) wanted to know if males consume significantly more energy drinks than the overall population average, which of the following are the correct hypotheses?17.30 Hotel managers' personalities. Successful hotel man- agers must have personality characteristics tradition- ally stereotyped as feminine (such as "compassionate") as well as those traditionally stereotyped as masculine (such as "forceful"). The Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI) is a personality test that gives separate ratings for “female" and "male" stereotypes, both on a scale of 1 to 7. Although the BSRI was developed at a time when these stereotypes were more pronounced, it is still widely used to assess personality types. Unfortunately, the ratings are often referred to as femininity and mas- culinity scores. A sample of 148 male general managers of three- star and four-star hotels had mean BSRI femininity score x = 5.29.6 The mean score for the general male population is u = 5.19. Do hotel managers, on the average, differ statistically significantly in femininity score from men in general? Assume that the standard is, the X%3D %3DA sociologist studying New York City ethnic groups wants to determine if there is a difference in income for immigrants from four different countries during their first year in the city. She obtained the data in the following table from a random sample of immigrants from these countries (incomes in thousands of dollars). Use a 0.05 level of significance to test the claim that there is no difference in the earnings of immigrants from the four different countries. Country I Country II Country III Country IV 12.3 8.3 20.4 17.3 9.1 17.2 16.5 8.7 10.9 19.2 22.8 14.2 8.8 10.2 5.5 21.4 16.1 19.2 19.3 (b) Find SSTOT, SSBET, and SSW and check that SSTOT = SSBET + SSW. (Round your answers to three decimal places.) SSTOT = SSBET = SSW = Find d.f.BET, d.f.W, MSBET, and MSW. (Round your answer to three decimal places for MSBET and MSW.) dfBET = dfW = MSBET = MSW = Find the value of the sample F statistic. (Round your answer to three decimal…
- Results on seat belt usage from the 2003 Youth Risk Behavior Survey were published in a USA Snapshot on January 13, 2005. The following table outlines the results from the high school students who were surveyed in the state of Nebraska. They were asked whether or not they rarely or never wear seat belts when riding in someone else's car. Using ? = .05, does this sample present sufficient evidence to reject the hypothesis that gender is independent of seat belt usage? Female Male Rarely or never use seat belt 206 323 Uses seat belt 1220 1157 (a) Find the test statistic. (Give your answer correct to two decimal places.)(ii) Find the p-value. (Give your answer bounds exactly.) ______< p < ________Although an increasing share of Americans are reading e-books on tablets and smartphones rather than dedicated e-readers, print books continue to be much more popular than books in digital format (digital format includes both e-books and audio books). A Pew Research Center survey of 1502 adults nationwide conducted January 8-February 7, 2019, found that 1081 of those surveyed had read a book in either print or digital format in the preceding 12 months. (You may regard the 1081 adults in the survey who had read a book in the preceding 12 months as a random sample of readers.) Andrew Perrin, "One-in-five Americans now listen to audiobooks," September 25, 2019 at www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/09/25/one-in-five-americans- now-listen-to-audiobooks/. The sampling scheme was more complex than an SRS, so the computation of the number in the sample who have read in the preceding 12 months and acting as if it were an SRS is oversimplified Macmillan Learning STATE: What can you say with 95%…Based on these tables, would you accept or reject the hypothesis that individuals in bad neighborhoods commit more crime?
- A health insurance company wants to determine if more than 25% of US residents have been to a hospital emergency room within the past year. It was found that in a sample of 1000 people, 28% indicated that they had been to an emergency room within the past year. With a significance level of 0.01, is there evidence to suggest that the proportion of US residents that have been to the emergency room in the past year is actually higher than 25%?The drug Ritalin is designed to stimulate the central nervous system. In a random sample of 252 boys aged ten – twelve years old, it was found that 44 of the boys were taking Ritalin. It is known that the proportion of all boys aged 13 – 15 who take Ritalin is 24%. A researcher claims that the population proportions of boys who take Ritalin aged 10 – 12 is different than boys aged 13 – 15. Can you support this claim at the 5% significance level? a. Conduct a hypothesis test to test the claim at the 5% significance level. Be sure to state you Ho and Ha, your test statistic and p-value, whether or not you reject Ho and whether you support the claim. b. Show that you can use the large sample methodology. c. Write a complete sentence describing what a Type I error is in context.A Michigan study concerning preference for outdoor activities used a questionnaire with a six-point Likert-type response in which 1 designated "not important" and 6 designated "extremely important." A random sample of n1 = 41 adults were asked about fishing as an outdoor activity. The mean response was x1 = 4.9. Another random sample of n2 = 50 adults were asked about camping as an outdoor activity. For this group, the mean response was x2 = 5.7. From previous studies, it is known that ?1 = 1.6 and ?2 = 1.5. Does this indicate a difference (either way) regarding preference for camping versus preference for fishing as an outdoor activity? Use a 5% level of significance.Note: A Likert scale usually has to do with approval of or agreement with a statement in a questionnaire. For example, respondents are asked to indicate whether they "strongly agree," "agree," "disagree," or "strongly disagree" with the statement. (a) What is the level of significance? .05 State the null and alternate…