why would one need to use the instantaneous rate of change instead of the average rate of change

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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why would one need to use the instantaneous rate of change instead of the average rate of change 

 

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The average rate of change is the total change of one variable divided by total change of the other variable under consideration.  It depends only on the terminal values. The average rate of change cannot provide information at a certain point. Whereas, instantaneous rate of change is the ratio of the change of one variable with respect to the other variable when the latter one undergoes a very small change. 

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