Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
Why is it beneficial for the bacterium to regulate the lac operon with both a repressor protein and an activator protein?
Lac operon permits the metabolism of lactose sugar in bacterial cells. It contains three genes that are lac Z, lacY, and lacA that encode beta-galactosidase, permease, and transacetylase. The operon is regulated by lac repressor that is encoded by the lacI gene present outside of this operon.
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