Why are the two-source interference equations not valid for light from an incandescent bulb that shines onto a screen with a single slit, and then the light shines onto a screen with two slits in it and the light from the two slits finally shines onto a nearby screen? not monochromatic sources incoherent sources observed from a distance similar to or smaller than the separation between the sourc
Ray Optics
Optics is the study of light in the field of physics. It refers to the study and properties of light. Optical phenomena can be classified into three categories: ray optics, wave optics, and quantum optics. Geometrical optics, also known as ray optics, is an optics model that explains light propagation using rays. In an optical device, a ray is a direction along which light energy is transmitted from one point to another. Geometric optics assumes that waves (rays) move in straight lines before they reach a surface. When a ray collides with a surface, it can bounce back (reflect) or bend (refract), but it continues in a straight line. The laws of reflection and refraction are the fundamental laws of geometrical optics. Light is an electromagnetic wave with a wavelength that falls within the visible spectrum.
Converging Lens
Converging lens, also known as a convex lens, is thinner at the upper and lower edges and thicker at the center. The edges are curved outwards. This lens can converge a beam of parallel rays of light that is coming from outside and focus it on a point on the other side of the lens.
Plano-Convex Lens
To understand the topic well we will first break down the name of the topic, ‘Plano Convex lens’ into three separate words and look at them individually.
Lateral Magnification
In very simple terms, the same object can be viewed in enlarged versions of itself, which we call magnification. To rephrase, magnification is the ability to enlarge the image of an object without physically altering its dimensions and structure. This process is mainly done to get an even more detailed view of the object by scaling up the image. A lot of daily life examples for this can be the use of magnifying glasses, projectors, and microscopes in laboratories. This plays a vital role in the fields of research and development and to some extent even our daily lives; our daily activity of magnifying images and texts on our mobile screen for a better look is nothing other than magnification.
- not monochromatic sources
- incoherent sources
- observed from a distance similar to or smaller than the separation between the sources
- not monochromatic sources
- incoherent sources
- observed from a distance similar to or smaller than the separation between the sources
1 only |
2 only |
3 only |
1 and 2 only |
1 and 3 only |
2 and 3 only |
all three
|
![Learning Goal:
To understand the assumptions made by the standard two-source
interference equations and to be able to use them in a standard
problem.
For solving two-source interference problems, there exists a
standard set of equations that give the conditions for constructive
and destructive interference. These equations are usually derived in
the context of Young's double slit experiment, though they may
actually be applied to a large number of other situations. The
underlying assumptions upon which these equations are based are
that two sources of coherent, nearly monochromatic light are
available, and that their interference pattern is observed at a
distance very large in comparison to the separation of the sources.
Monochromatic means that the wavelengths of the waves, which
determine color for visible light, are nearly identical. Coherent
means that the waves are in phase when they leave the two
sources.
In Young's experiment, these two sources corresponded to the two
slits (hence such phenomena are often called two-slit interference).
Under these assumptions, the conditions for constructive and
destructive interference are as follows:
for constructive interference
d sin 0 = m) (m = 0, +1, +2,...).
and for destructive interference
d sin 0 = (m + )A (m = 0, ±1, ±2, ...).
where d is the separation between the two sources, A is the
wavelength of the light, m is an arbitrary integer, and 0 is the angle
Figure
< 1 of 1 >
S2
d sin 0
r2
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