Who is most likely to have prevalent coronary heart disease? Test if there are significant differences in the following risk factors between persons with and without prevalent coronary heart disease (CHD). Summarize the statistical results in the table below and then compare risk factors in persons with and without prevalent CHD. Be sure to indicate what statistical tests were used in the footnote to the table and in a brief summary of a paragraph or less. Patient Characteristic* History of CHD (n = 194) No History of CHD (n = 4240) p-value* Age, years 57.48 49.58 <0.001 Systolic blood pressure, mmHg 145 132.35 <0.001 Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg 87.14 82.90 <0.001 Total serum cholesterol, mg/dL 243.20 236.70 0.049 Body mass index 26.83 25.80 0.001
Continuous Probability Distributions
Probability distributions are of two types, which are continuous probability distributions and discrete probability distributions. A continuous probability distribution contains an infinite number of values. For example, if time is infinite: you could count from 0 to a trillion seconds, billion seconds, so on indefinitely. A discrete probability distribution consists of only a countable set of possible values.
Normal Distribution
Suppose we had to design a bathroom weighing scale, how would we decide what should be the range of the weighing machine? Would we take the highest recorded human weight in history and use that as the upper limit for our weighing scale? This may not be a great idea as the sensitivity of the scale would get reduced if the range is too large. At the same time, if we keep the upper limit too low, it may not be usable for a large percentage of the population!
- Who is most likely to have prevalent coronary heart disease?
Test if there are significant differences in the following risk factors between persons with and without prevalent coronary heart disease (CHD). Summarize the statistical results in the table below and then compare risk factors in persons with and without prevalent CHD. Be sure to indicate what statistical tests were used in the footnote to the table and in a brief summary of a paragraph or less.
|
Patient Characteristic* |
History of CHD |
No History of CHD (n = 4240) |
p-value* |
|
Age, years |
57.48 |
49.58 |
<0.001 |
|
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg |
145 |
132.35 |
<0.001 |
|
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg |
87.14 |
82.90 |
<0.001 |
|
Total serum cholesterol, mg/dL |
243.20 |
236.70 |
0.049 |
|
Body mass index |
26.83 |
25.80 |
0.001 |
*
We have to test whether there is a significant difference between the risk of CHD between an individual who has a history of CHD and the individual who has no history of CHD
Here number of history of CHD = 194
without a history of CHD = 4240
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