Which statement about the following equilibrium is true? H H H H. H. HIH H Equilibrium will favor the products because a positive charge is more stable on a nitrogen than an oxygen. Equilibrium will favor the reactants because a positive charge is more stable on an oxygen than a nitrogen. Equilibrium will favor the products because NH4+ is more acidic than H30+.

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Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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**Equilibrium and Stability Analysis**

**Question:**
Which statement about the following equilibrium is true?

**Chemical Reaction Diagram:**
The diagram presents a chemical equilibrium between two sets of compounds. On the left are ammonia (\( \text{NH}_3 \)) and hydronium ion (\( \text{H}_3\text{O}^+ \)), transitioning to ammonium ion (\( \text{NH}_4^+ \)) and water (\( \text{H}_2\text{O} \)) on the right.

\[ 
\text{NH}_3 + \text{H}_3\text{O}^+ \rightleftharpoons \text{NH}_4^+ + \text{H}_2\text{O}
\]

**Options:**

- **Option 1:**
  Equilibrium will favor the products because a positive charge is more stable on a nitrogen than on oxygen.

- **Option 2:**
  Equilibrium will favor the reactants because a positive charge is more stable on an oxygen than a nitrogen.

- **Option 3:**
  Equilibrium will favor the products because NH4+ is more acidic than H3O+.

**Discussion:**

1. **Stability of Positive Charge:**
   - The stability of a positive charge is a key factor. In general, oxygen is more electronegative than nitrogen, which can stabilize a positive charge better.

2. **Acidity Consideration:**
   - Comparing acidity, H3O+ (hydronium) is known to be a stronger acid than NH4+ (ammonium), influencing the direction of equilibrium.

This setup offers valuable insights into the stability of ions and relative acid strengths in equilibrium reactions.
Transcribed Image Text:**Equilibrium and Stability Analysis** **Question:** Which statement about the following equilibrium is true? **Chemical Reaction Diagram:** The diagram presents a chemical equilibrium between two sets of compounds. On the left are ammonia (\( \text{NH}_3 \)) and hydronium ion (\( \text{H}_3\text{O}^+ \)), transitioning to ammonium ion (\( \text{NH}_4^+ \)) and water (\( \text{H}_2\text{O} \)) on the right. \[ \text{NH}_3 + \text{H}_3\text{O}^+ \rightleftharpoons \text{NH}_4^+ + \text{H}_2\text{O} \] **Options:** - **Option 1:** Equilibrium will favor the products because a positive charge is more stable on a nitrogen than on oxygen. - **Option 2:** Equilibrium will favor the reactants because a positive charge is more stable on an oxygen than a nitrogen. - **Option 3:** Equilibrium will favor the products because NH4+ is more acidic than H3O+. **Discussion:** 1. **Stability of Positive Charge:** - The stability of a positive charge is a key factor. In general, oxygen is more electronegative than nitrogen, which can stabilize a positive charge better. 2. **Acidity Consideration:** - Comparing acidity, H3O+ (hydronium) is known to be a stronger acid than NH4+ (ammonium), influencing the direction of equilibrium. This setup offers valuable insights into the stability of ions and relative acid strengths in equilibrium reactions.
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