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Which one is the epimer of monosaccharide I?

Which one is the epimer of monosaccharide I?

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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Which one is the epimer of monosaccharide I?

The image displays the structural formulas of five different sugar molecules, labeled I to V. Each structure shows variations in the arrangement of hydroxyl (OH) groups and hydrogen (H) atoms attached to a carbon skeleton. Here's a detailed description of each molecule: 1. **Structure I**: - Has a carbon chain backbone with four carbon atoms. - The carbonyl group (C=O) is located at the first carbon (aldehyde group). - Hydroxyl groups (OH) are attached to the second, third, and fourth carbons. - The first, second, third, and fourth carbons are chiral centers. 2. **Structure II**: - Similar carbon chain length, with the carbonyl group at the first carbon. - Hydroxyl groups are attached to the second and fourth carbons. - The second and the fourth carbons are chiral centers. 3. **Structure III**: - Also has a four-carbon backbone. - The carbonyl group is at the first carbon. - Three hydroxyl groups attached to the second, third, and fourth carbons. - The first, second, and third carbons are chiral centers. 4. **Structure IV**: - Consists of a four-carbon chain. - The carbonyl group is at the first carbon. - Hydroxyl groups are attached to the third and fourth carbons. - The first, third, and fourth carbons are chiral centers. 5. **Structure V**: - Has a three-carbon chain. - The carbonyl group is present at the second carbon (ketone group). - A single hydroxyl group is attached to the third carbon. - The second carbon is a chiral center. These structures represent different configurations of sugar molecules, showcasing how slight variations in functional groups and carbon connectivity can lead to different sugars. Each structure depicts distinct stereochemistry, influencing the molecule's identity and function.
Transcribed Image Text:The image displays the structural formulas of five different sugar molecules, labeled I to V. Each structure shows variations in the arrangement of hydroxyl (OH) groups and hydrogen (H) atoms attached to a carbon skeleton. Here's a detailed description of each molecule: 1. **Structure I**: - Has a carbon chain backbone with four carbon atoms. - The carbonyl group (C=O) is located at the first carbon (aldehyde group). - Hydroxyl groups (OH) are attached to the second, third, and fourth carbons. - The first, second, third, and fourth carbons are chiral centers. 2. **Structure II**: - Similar carbon chain length, with the carbonyl group at the first carbon. - Hydroxyl groups are attached to the second and fourth carbons. - The second and the fourth carbons are chiral centers. 3. **Structure III**: - Also has a four-carbon backbone. - The carbonyl group is at the first carbon. - Three hydroxyl groups attached to the second, third, and fourth carbons. - The first, second, and third carbons are chiral centers. 4. **Structure IV**: - Consists of a four-carbon chain. - The carbonyl group is at the first carbon. - Hydroxyl groups are attached to the third and fourth carbons. - The first, third, and fourth carbons are chiral centers. 5. **Structure V**: - Has a three-carbon chain. - The carbonyl group is present at the second carbon (ketone group). - A single hydroxyl group is attached to the third carbon. - The second carbon is a chiral center. These structures represent different configurations of sugar molecules, showcasing how slight variations in functional groups and carbon connectivity can lead to different sugars. Each structure depicts distinct stereochemistry, influencing the molecule's identity and function.
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