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which one is limiting reagent？？

which one is limiting reagent？？

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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which one is limiting reagent？？

OCEDURE ہاں Lab 3: Nucleophilic Addition to Carbonyl: Grignard Reaction with an Aldehyde substance 4-methoxybenzaldehyde 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)- 2-methylpropan-1-ol* ● phosphoric acid, 1M sodium chloride, saturated solution Preview sodium hydroxide, 5% 10 mL * amount varies, depending on size of drying tube product quantity 0.68 g 15 mL 10 mL Assemble the reflux apparatus Flame-dry a round-bottom flask molar mass (g/mol) 136.15 180.21 CHEMICAL ALERT • Weigh magnesium turnings Add magnesium and iodine to the dried round-bottom flask Heat the reflux apparatus to flood the apparatus with iodine vapor • Weigh 2-bromopropane and dissolve it in anhydrous diethyl ether Add 2-bromopropane solution to the magnesium turnings and reflux to make the Grignard reagent mp (°C) -1 • Weigh 4-methoxybenzaldehyde and dissolve it in anhydrous diethyl ether Add 4-methoxybenzaldehyde portions to the Grignard reagent Heat 10 min with a hot-water bath Pour the mixture into ice water and acidify it with phosphoric acid custom page 38 • Dry the ether layer with anhydrous magnesium sulfate Remove the ether from the product • Weigh the product Characterize the product using TLC, IR, and NMR 2-bromopropane-flammable and irritant calcium chloride-irritant and hygroscopic dichloromethane-toxic and irritant diethyl ether-flammable and toxic iodine-toxic and corrosive magnesium-flammable bp (°C) • Separate the layers ● Extract the product into ether and wash it with 5% NaOH and saturated NaCl solution 248 27.
Transcribed Image Text:OCEDURE ہاں Lab 3: Nucleophilic Addition to Carbonyl: Grignard Reaction with an Aldehyde substance 4-methoxybenzaldehyde 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)- 2-methylpropan-1-ol* ● phosphoric acid, 1M sodium chloride, saturated solution Preview sodium hydroxide, 5% 10 mL * amount varies, depending on size of drying tube product quantity 0.68 g 15 mL 10 mL Assemble the reflux apparatus Flame-dry a round-bottom flask molar mass (g/mol) 136.15 180.21 CHEMICAL ALERT • Weigh magnesium turnings Add magnesium and iodine to the dried round-bottom flask Heat the reflux apparatus to flood the apparatus with iodine vapor • Weigh 2-bromopropane and dissolve it in anhydrous diethyl ether Add 2-bromopropane solution to the magnesium turnings and reflux to make the Grignard reagent mp (°C) -1 • Weigh 4-methoxybenzaldehyde and dissolve it in anhydrous diethyl ether Add 4-methoxybenzaldehyde portions to the Grignard reagent Heat 10 min with a hot-water bath Pour the mixture into ice water and acidify it with phosphoric acid custom page 38 • Dry the ether layer with anhydrous magnesium sulfate Remove the ether from the product • Weigh the product Characterize the product using TLC, IR, and NMR 2-bromopropane-flammable and irritant calcium chloride-irritant and hygroscopic dichloromethane-toxic and irritant diethyl ether-flammable and toxic iodine-toxic and corrosive magnesium-flammable bp (°C) • Separate the layers ● Extract the product into ether and wash it with 5% NaOH and saturated NaCl solution 248 27.
1998 Cengage Learning H3C Br Lab 3: Nucleophilic Addition to Carbonyl: Grignard Reaction with an Aldehyde CH3 2-bromopropane Mg ether reagent with 4-methoxybenzaldehyde to form a secondary alcohol, 1-(4- methoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropan-1-ol, as shown in Equation 5. H3C MgBr CH3 isopropyl magnesium bromide + Equipment 50-mL beaker 100-mL beaker 250-mL beaker* boiling chip Bunsen burner capillary tubes condenser, with tubing cotton distilling head drying tube, with stopper OCH3 4-methoxybenzaldehyde substance Reagents and Properties H 2-bromopropane calcium chloride, anhydrous dichloromethane diethyl ether, anhydrous diethyl ether, solvent grade iodine magnesium magnesium sulfate, anhydrous custom page 37 H+ H₂O 2 Erlenmeyer flasks, 25-mL 2 Erlenmeyer flasks, 50-mL, with stopper 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask filter funnel fluted filter paper 25-mL graduated cylinder 4-oz jar, with lids *or concentric ring bath for hot-water bath preparing micropipets * for For glass stirring rod Sor 250-ml beaker with foil or plastic wrap as cover for TLC developing chamber НО. OCH3 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)- 2-methylpropan-1-ol magnetic stir bar magnetic stirrer magnetic wand* microspatula quantity 1.48 g 8 g* 5 mL 20 mL 22 mL 0.02 g 0.36 g 2 g paper towel Pasteur pipet, with latex bulb pencil pH paper 1.0-mL pipet product vial 2 round-bottom flasks, 50-mL ruler 125-mL separatory funnel 3 x 7-cm silica gel TLC plate 2 support stands 2 utility clamps 2.0-mL vial, with cap molar mass (g/mol) 123.0 110.99 84.93 74.12 74.12 253.8 24.3 120.37 mp (°C) (Eq. 5) 113 bp (°C) 59 40 34.6 34.6 184 (Continued)
Transcribed Image Text:1998 Cengage Learning H3C Br Lab 3: Nucleophilic Addition to Carbonyl: Grignard Reaction with an Aldehyde CH3 2-bromopropane Mg ether reagent with 4-methoxybenzaldehyde to form a secondary alcohol, 1-(4- methoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropan-1-ol, as shown in Equation 5. H3C MgBr CH3 isopropyl magnesium bromide + Equipment 50-mL beaker 100-mL beaker 250-mL beaker* boiling chip Bunsen burner capillary tubes condenser, with tubing cotton distilling head drying tube, with stopper OCH3 4-methoxybenzaldehyde substance Reagents and Properties H 2-bromopropane calcium chloride, anhydrous dichloromethane diethyl ether, anhydrous diethyl ether, solvent grade iodine magnesium magnesium sulfate, anhydrous custom page 37 H+ H₂O 2 Erlenmeyer flasks, 25-mL 2 Erlenmeyer flasks, 50-mL, with stopper 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask filter funnel fluted filter paper 25-mL graduated cylinder 4-oz jar, with lids *or concentric ring bath for hot-water bath preparing micropipets * for For glass stirring rod Sor 250-ml beaker with foil or plastic wrap as cover for TLC developing chamber НО. OCH3 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)- 2-methylpropan-1-ol magnetic stir bar magnetic stirrer magnetic wand* microspatula quantity 1.48 g 8 g* 5 mL 20 mL 22 mL 0.02 g 0.36 g 2 g paper towel Pasteur pipet, with latex bulb pencil pH paper 1.0-mL pipet product vial 2 round-bottom flasks, 50-mL ruler 125-mL separatory funnel 3 x 7-cm silica gel TLC plate 2 support stands 2 utility clamps 2.0-mL vial, with cap molar mass (g/mol) 123.0 110.99 84.93 74.12 74.12 253.8 24.3 120.37 mp (°C) (Eq. 5) 113 bp (°C) 59 40 34.6 34.6 184 (Continued)
Expert Solution
Step 1

This is a two-step reaction.

Step-1:

2-bromopropane reacts with Mg to give the Grignard reagent, isopropyl magnesium bromide.

Step-2:

isopropyl magnesium bromide reacts with 4-methoxybenzaldehyde and H3O+ to give a secondary alcohol as the final product. 

In both the cases, the mole ration is 1/1.

Hence the reactant with smaller mole is the limiting reactant. 

 

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