Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Radiation: A Multiple-Choice Query
**Question 14:**
Which of the following types of radiation would be able to pass through lead?
**Options:**
- (A) Alpha particles
- (B) Beta particles
- (C) Neutrons
- (D) Gamma rays
- (E) Infrared rays
**Explanation:**
Lead is known for its ability to block various types of radiation. Here is a brief overview of each option:
- **Alpha particles (A):** These are heavy and carry a double positive charge. They have low penetration power and can be stopped by a sheet of paper or human skin.
- **Beta particles (B):** These are lighter than alpha particles and can pass through paper but are generally stopped by a few millimeters of plastic or a thin sheet of metal.
- **Neutrons (C):** These uncharged particles can penetrate materials more deeply than alpha or beta particles but are often stopped by thick materials rich in hydrogen, like water or concrete, rather than lead.
- **Gamma rays (D):** These are highly penetrating electromagnetic waves and require dense materials like lead or several centimeters of concrete to be effectively blocked.
- **Infrared rays (E):** These are part of the electromagnetic spectrum and are generally associated with heat. They can be easily blocked by lighter materials and are not typically compared with nuclear radiation in penetration studies.
In this context, **Gamma rays (D)** are the only type of radiation known to penetrate lead efficiently when considering penetration capability among the listed options.
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