Which of the following transformations are linear? (a) T₁: R² R², T₁ R², T₂ I Y = Y = xy I (b) T₂: R² Y (c) S₁: F→ R, S₁(f) = f²(0) + f f(t)dt (d) S2: F→ R, S2(f) = f(0) + f f(t) dt (e) M₁: F→ F, M₁ (f) = (t² +1) f(t)

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
Section: Chapter Questions
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**Question 3: Which of the following transformations are linear?**

(a) \( T_1 : \mathbb{R}^2 \to \mathbb{R}^2, \, T_1 \begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \end{bmatrix} \)

(b) \( T_2: \mathbb{R}^2 \to \mathbb{R}^2, \, T_2 \begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} xy \\ y \end{bmatrix} \)

(c) \( S_1: F \to \mathbb{R}, S_1(f) = f(0) + \int_0^1 f(t) \, dt \)

(d) \( S_2: F \to \mathbb{R}, S_2(f) = f(0) + \int_0^1 f(t)^2 \, dt \)

(e) \( M_1: F \to F, M_1(f) = (t^2 + 1)f(t) \)
Transcribed Image Text:**Question 3: Which of the following transformations are linear?** (a) \( T_1 : \mathbb{R}^2 \to \mathbb{R}^2, \, T_1 \begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \end{bmatrix} \) (b) \( T_2: \mathbb{R}^2 \to \mathbb{R}^2, \, T_2 \begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} xy \\ y \end{bmatrix} \) (c) \( S_1: F \to \mathbb{R}, S_1(f) = f(0) + \int_0^1 f(t) \, dt \) (d) \( S_2: F \to \mathbb{R}, S_2(f) = f(0) + \int_0^1 f(t)^2 \, dt \) (e) \( M_1: F \to F, M_1(f) = (t^2 + 1)f(t) \)
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