Which of the following terms is used to describe a situation in which the government finances public goods that are underproduced because non-payers cannot be excluded from enjoying the goods? a.) Externality failure b.) Asymmetric failure c.) Government failure d.) Market failure

(Optimal Provision of Public Goods) Using at least two individual consumers, show how the market demand curve is derived from individual demand curves (a) for a private good and (b) for a public good. Once you have derived the market demand curve in each case, introduce a market supply curve and then show the optimal level of production.