Which of the following statements concerning the structures below is/are true? Formal charges are not shown. You can select more than one, or none, of these statements. :0 1 [f -F: 808 -F: (iv) CI. On the basis of formal charges, structure (i) is the most important structure. F: The total charge on this species is zero. The formal charge of Cl is -3 in structure (i). CI has an expanded octet in all of these structures. The formal charge of Cl is +1 in structure (iii). Structures (ii), (iii), and (iv) are all unrealistic because, in each, there are too many electrons around
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
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