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Which of the following pairs will make a buffer?

Which of the following pairs will make a buffer?

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Which of the following pairs will make a buffer?
**Buffer Solutions** **Question 17 of 17** **Which of the following pairs will make a buffer?** A) HF/NaF B) HNO₃/KNO₃ C) H₂O/NaOH D) H₂CO₃/NaOH E) All of these will make buffers. A buffer solution consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid. A solution made from the combination of such pairs will resist changes in pH when small amounts of an acid or base are added. Let's analyze each pair: - **Option A (HF/NaF)**: HF (hydrofluoric acid) is a weak acid and NaF (sodium fluoride) ionizes to produce F⁻, the conjugate base of HF. This pair can effectively make a buffer solution. - **Option B (HNO₃/KNO₃)**: HNO₃ (nitric acid) is a strong acid, and KNO₃ (potassium nitrate) does not affect the pH significantly. This pair does not form a buffer. - **Option C (H₂O/NaOH)**: Water (H₂O) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) do not form a buffer because H₂O is not a weak acid or base. - **Option D (H₂CO₃/NaOH)**: H₂CO₃ (carbonic acid) is a weak acid, but NaOH is a strong base. Instead of forming a buffer, NaOH will neutralize H₂CO₃. - **Option E**: This option claims that all pairs listed will make buffers, but this statement is incorrect based on the above analysis. In conclusion, the correct answer is **Option A (HF/NaF)**.
Transcribed Image Text:**Buffer Solutions** **Question 17 of 17** **Which of the following pairs will make a buffer?** A) HF/NaF B) HNO₃/KNO₃ C) H₂O/NaOH D) H₂CO₃/NaOH E) All of these will make buffers. A buffer solution consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid. A solution made from the combination of such pairs will resist changes in pH when small amounts of an acid or base are added. Let's analyze each pair: - **Option A (HF/NaF)**: HF (hydrofluoric acid) is a weak acid and NaF (sodium fluoride) ionizes to produce F⁻, the conjugate base of HF. This pair can effectively make a buffer solution. - **Option B (HNO₃/KNO₃)**: HNO₃ (nitric acid) is a strong acid, and KNO₃ (potassium nitrate) does not affect the pH significantly. This pair does not form a buffer. - **Option C (H₂O/NaOH)**: Water (H₂O) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) do not form a buffer because H₂O is not a weak acid or base. - **Option D (H₂CO₃/NaOH)**: H₂CO₃ (carbonic acid) is a weak acid, but NaOH is a strong base. Instead of forming a buffer, NaOH will neutralize H₂CO₃. - **Option E**: This option claims that all pairs listed will make buffers, but this statement is incorrect based on the above analysis. In conclusion, the correct answer is **Option A (HF/NaF)**.
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