Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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![**Chemical Reaction Query**
**Question**: Which of the following molecules would most likely arise from the reaction shown?
**Reaction Given**:
- **Starting Material**: A bicyclic molecule with two ester groups (ethyl esters) attached to a six-membered ring.
- **Reagent Used**: LiN(iPr)₂ (Lithium diisopropylamide, LDA).
**Potential Products**:
- **A**: Six-membered ring with one ester group (COOEt), and a keto group (C=O) adjacent to the ester.
- **B**: Five-membered ring with two ester groups (COOEt), one being part of a cyclic structure.
- **C**: Five-membered ring with one ester group (COOEt).
- **D**: Six-membered ring with a cyclic ester (lactone).
- **E**: Six-membered ring with an alcohol group (OH) and an ester group (COOEt).
**Explanation**: The image presents a chemical reaction involving a cyclic compound and a lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) base, along with five possible products labeled A to E. The primary task is to identify the correct product based on the mechanism of the reaction shown.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F38b3b78e-6cda-40eb-bd99-bd4ab94cdc9d%2F653ca424-adb9-453c-bfa0-0c3b179ac4c1%2Fd54jjyd_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Chemical Reaction Query**
**Question**: Which of the following molecules would most likely arise from the reaction shown?
**Reaction Given**:
- **Starting Material**: A bicyclic molecule with two ester groups (ethyl esters) attached to a six-membered ring.
- **Reagent Used**: LiN(iPr)₂ (Lithium diisopropylamide, LDA).
**Potential Products**:
- **A**: Six-membered ring with one ester group (COOEt), and a keto group (C=O) adjacent to the ester.
- **B**: Five-membered ring with two ester groups (COOEt), one being part of a cyclic structure.
- **C**: Five-membered ring with one ester group (COOEt).
- **D**: Six-membered ring with a cyclic ester (lactone).
- **E**: Six-membered ring with an alcohol group (OH) and an ester group (COOEt).
**Explanation**: The image presents a chemical reaction involving a cyclic compound and a lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) base, along with five possible products labeled A to E. The primary task is to identify the correct product based on the mechanism of the reaction shown.
![**Title: Determining the Product of a Bromination Reaction**
**Question:**
What is the product of the following reaction?
**Chemical Reaction:**
Cyclohexanone reacts with bromine (\(Br_2\)).
**Options:**
- **A:** Cyclohexane with a bromine attached to the carbon adjacent to the ketone.
- **B:** Cyclohexanone with a bromine attached directly to the alpha carbon.
- **C:** Cyclohexanone with a bromine attached to a different alpha carbon.
- **D:** Cyclohexanone with a bromine attached to the ketone carbon.
- **E:** Cyclohexane with bromines attached at adjacent carbons away from the ketone.
**Explanation of the Reaction:**
The bromination of cyclohexanone typically targets the alpha carbon — the carbon adjacent to the carbonyl group. The mechanism involves the formation of an enol or an enolate intermediate, leading to the substitution of hydrogen with bromine.
**Considerations:**
- **Alpha Bromination:** The reaction generally follows under acidic conditions, resulting in the alpha-brominated ketone.
- **Selectivity:** The position of bromination is governed by the structure of cyclohexanone, focusing on the most reactive sites for electrophilic substitution.
**Conclusion:**
The correct answer is **B**, where bromine is attached to the alpha carbon of cyclohexanone.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F38b3b78e-6cda-40eb-bd99-bd4ab94cdc9d%2F653ca424-adb9-453c-bfa0-0c3b179ac4c1%2Fils6pj_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Determining the Product of a Bromination Reaction**
**Question:**
What is the product of the following reaction?
**Chemical Reaction:**
Cyclohexanone reacts with bromine (\(Br_2\)).
**Options:**
- **A:** Cyclohexane with a bromine attached to the carbon adjacent to the ketone.
- **B:** Cyclohexanone with a bromine attached directly to the alpha carbon.
- **C:** Cyclohexanone with a bromine attached to a different alpha carbon.
- **D:** Cyclohexanone with a bromine attached to the ketone carbon.
- **E:** Cyclohexane with bromines attached at adjacent carbons away from the ketone.
**Explanation of the Reaction:**
The bromination of cyclohexanone typically targets the alpha carbon — the carbon adjacent to the carbonyl group. The mechanism involves the formation of an enol or an enolate intermediate, leading to the substitution of hydrogen with bromine.
**Considerations:**
- **Alpha Bromination:** The reaction generally follows under acidic conditions, resulting in the alpha-brominated ketone.
- **Selectivity:** The position of bromination is governed by the structure of cyclohexanone, focusing on the most reactive sites for electrophilic substitution.
**Conclusion:**
The correct answer is **B**, where bromine is attached to the alpha carbon of cyclohexanone.
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