Which of the following molecules will be able to form the most hydrogen bonds with water? ### Lewis Structures of Simple MoleculesThe image presents four Lewis structures representing different molecules. Each structure displays the atom connectivity and arrangement of valence electrons.#### A) Water (H₂O)- **Structure**: The central oxygen atom is bonded to two hydrogen atoms. - **Valence Electrons**: Oxygen has two lone pairs of electrons, shown as two pairs of dots.#### B) Methanol (CH₃OH)- **Structure**: The molecule consists of a carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms and one hydroxyl group (OH). - **Valence Electrons**: The oxygen in the hydroxyl group has two lone pairs of electrons.#### C) Ethanol (C₂H₅OH)- **Structure**: Composed of two carbon atoms. The first carbon is bonded to three hydrogen atoms, the second carbon is bonded to two hydrogen atoms and one hydroxyl group.- **Valence Electrons**: The oxygen in the hydroxyl group has two lone pairs of electrons.#### D) Formic Acid (HCOOH)- **Structure**: The molecule includes a carbon atom double-bonded to one oxygen atom and single-bonded to another oxygen atom. The latter is also bonded to a hydrogen atom.- **Valence Electrons**: The double-bonded oxygen has two lone pairs, while the singly bonded oxygen has two lone pairs of electrons.These diagrams serve as a basic representation to help understand molecular bonding and electron distribution across simple molecules in chemistry.

Answered: Which of the following molecules will…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Which of the following molecules will be able to form the most hydrogen bonds with water?

### Lewis Structures of Simple Molecules

The image presents four Lewis structures representing different molecules. Each structure displays the atom connectivity and arrangement of valence electrons.

#### A) Water (H₂O)
- **Structure**: The central oxygen atom is bonded to two hydrogen atoms.
- **Valence Electrons**: Oxygen has two lone pairs of electrons, shown as two pairs of dots.

#### B) Methanol (CH₃OH)
- **Structure**: The molecule consists of a carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms and one hydroxyl group (OH).
- **Valence Electrons**: The oxygen in the hydroxyl group has two lone pairs of electrons.

#### C) Ethanol (C₂H₅OH)
- **Structure**: Composed of two carbon atoms. The first carbon is bonded to three hydrogen atoms, the second carbon is bonded to two hydrogen atoms and one hydroxyl group.
- **Valence Electrons**: The oxygen in the hydroxyl group has two lone pairs of electrons.

#### D) Formic Acid (HCOOH)
- **Structure**: The molecule includes a carbon atom double-bonded to one oxygen atom and single-bonded to another oxygen atom. The latter is also bonded to a hydrogen atom.
- **Valence Electrons**: The double-bonded oxygen has two lone pairs, while the singly bonded oxygen has two lone pairs of electrons.

These diagrams serve as a basic representation to help understand molecular bonding and electron distribution across simple molecules in chemistry.

Expert Solution

Step 1 Introduction

A hydrogen bond is a weak bonding interaction predominantly electrostatic existing between a hydrogen atom attached to a more electronegative atom and an electronegative atom. It is of two types; one is intermolecular hydrogen bonding existing between two different compounds, and the other is intramolecular hydrogen bonding existing between the atoms of the same compound.

A molecule should have a proton bonded to a more electronegative atom and electron pairs in the electronegative atom to form a hydrogen bond. Oxygen, nitrogen, etc. act as hydrogen bond acceptors through their electron lone pairs, and hydrogen acts as hydrogen bond donors.

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