Which of the following mechanisms of evolution would have the SMALLEST impact on allele frequency changes? O Selection against a deleterious but non-lethal allele A population bottleneck (a chance event that dramatically reduces the population size) O A mutation that converts a recessive allele to a dominant allele Frequent migration from the mainland to a small island population

Which of the following mechanisms of evolution would have the SMALLEST impact on allele frequency changes? O Selection against a deleterious but non-lethal allele A population bottleneck (a chance event that dramatically reduces the population size) O A mutation that converts a recessive allele to a dominant allele Frequent migration from the mainland to a small island population

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter19: Evolutionary Change In Populations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10TYU: Which of the following is not true of natural selection? (a) natural selection acts to preserve...

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Which of the following is NOT required in order for natural selection to occur in a population? O All of these are required for natural selection to occur O There is variation in phenotypes of individuals in the population O Individuals with some phenotypes produce more offspring than individuals with other phenotypes O Individuals in the population compete with one another for mates O Offspring inherit traits from their parents
Which of the following is likely to be most important in the evolution of two species from one population of another species? O some kind of barrier that physically divides the original species into two sub-populations a change in the environment such that one sub-population experiences differential natural selection O reduced performance of gametes (e.g., pollen) in crosses between sub-populations O reduced fitness of offspring resulting from crosses between sub-populations genetic divergence and cessation of gene flow between sub-populations
In a population of lizards, color is genetically determined. The current population has two two phenotypes: blue and yellow. Which of the following scenarios could result in evolution by migration? O A disease indiscriminately reduces the population by 90%. Birds are better able to see and therefor prey on blue lizards The population is joined by individuals from a nearby population that has an allele for a red phenotype. Females preferentially mate with individuals exhibiting the blue phenotype.
When considering synonymous and nonsynonymous mutations within a population, which of the following is TRUE? O Nonsynonymous mutations will more often be removed by purifying selection The two types of mutations are not distinguished by purifying selection O Synonymous mutations will more often be removed by purifying selection Only synonymous mutations are retained by natural selection O Only nonsynonymous mutations are retained over the course of evolution
The neutral theory of evolution proposed that most genetic mutations are functionally neutral or nearly neutral. Neutral mutations would be fixed in a population by: O the invariance of DNA O random genetic drift O balancing selection natural selection asexual reproduction
there are two alleles per genotype. evolutionary forces are operating on the population. O evolutionary forces are not operating on the population. In a rodent population, the size of individuals determines the size of seeds they eat. Larger seeds contain more nutrition, but only the largest individuals can handle the largest seeds. Larger individuals also require more nutrition. Currently, there is a wide distribution of both rodent and seed sizes. What event would most likely lead to disruptive selection? O Both the very large and the very small seeds become more common, while fewer intermediate-sized seeds become less common. O Both the very large and the very small seeds become less common, while fewer intermediate-sized seeds become more common. All seeds become less common, independent of size. O Larger seeds become more common, while smaller ones become less common. O Smaller seeds become more common, while larger ones become less common.
Which of the following statements about natural selection is not true? O Natural selection operates according to differential reproductive success of individuals. O Natural selection usually predominates in small population only. O The cumulative effects of natural selection gives rise to individuals that can survive in a specific environment. O Natural selection results in evolution when individuals with higher survival and reproductive rates pass on these traits to their offspring.
Natural Selection is an evolutionary force that acts at phenotypic and genetic level. At the genetic level, which of the following statements is correct about the action of this force: O Selection is random and doesn't need genetic diversity in the population O Selection decreases the genetic diversity in the population O Selection is always negative and makes traits undesirable O Selection creates new alleles in the population
Which of the following statements is false? ONatural selection can alter a population's mean trait value O Natural selection usually decreases or maintains genetic variation Natural selection always favours rare genotypes O Natural selection acts on the phenotype
Which of the following comparisons between natural and sexual selection between is FALSE? O Variation underlying traits must have a genetic basis and be heritable under both natural and sexual selection. Under sexual selection, fitness is defined in terms of offspring number, whereas under natural selection offspring number and survuval influence fitness. Both natural and sexual selection require variation in traits that affect fitness. Under natural selection, fitness is compared across all individuals within a population, whereas for sexual selection comparisons of fitness are only relevant among individuals within a given sex (i.e., males only or females only).
If a populations allele and genotype frequencies remain constant from generation to generation, (a) the population is undergoing evolutionary change (b) the population is said to be at genetic equilibrium (c) microevolution has taken place (d) directional selection is occurring, but only for a few generations (e) genetic drift is a significant evolutionary force
The reason spontaneous mutations do not have an immediate effect on allele frequencies in a large population is that: a. mutations are random events, and mutations may be eitherbeneficial or harmful. b. mutations usually occur in males and have little effect oneggs. c. many mutations exert their effects after an organism hasstopped reproducing. d. mutations are so rare that mutated alleles are greatlyoutnumbered by nonmutated alleles. e. most mutations do not change the amino acid sequence of aprotein.