Which of the following is true when comparing the B-oxidation of a naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acid to that of a saturated fatty acid?
Lipids
The heterogeneous classes of organic compounds that are not water-soluble but are dissolved in organic solvents that are non-polar in nature are termed lipids. They are a long chain of fatty acids and esters of alcohols. Lipids are generally seen in several plants, microorganisms, and animals. They are utilized as insulation, components of the cell membrane, hormones, and molecules for the storage of energy.
Glycerophospholipid
Glycerophospholipid is the most abundantly occuring phospholipids found in the biological membranes. Lipids include a group of organic compounds like fats, hormones, oils, waxes, vitamins etc. They are non-polar molecules and are insoluble in water. Lipids play an important role in biological systems. They are the building blocks of our cell membranes, store energy and are involved in signaling.
Structure Of Camphor
A terpene with the molecular formula of C10H16O is a waxy, white color solid known as camphor. It is flammable. It also possesses a very pungent taste and a strong odor. There are various sources for extracting camphor from natural products such as the wood of the tree of camphor laurel. Sublimation of wood and steam distillation are some of the methods involved in obtaining camphor.
Glycolipid In Organic Chemistry
Glycolipids are lipids that are an important class of organic compounds in chemistry that have simple to complex applications. They contain carbohydrates, fatty acids, sphingolipids or a glycerol group. In other words, they are the modifications of lipids like acylglycerols, prenols and ceramides. They are all part of a wider group of compounds known as glycoconjugates.
Diterpenoid
The terpenoid class includes diterpenoids, which are chemical compounds with 20 carbon atoms. They are made up of four isoprene units and are derived from geranylgeraniol, a C20 precursor. They have a C20H32 basic structure. These characteristics distinguish diterpenoids from simple terpenes, which have just 10 carbon atoms.
![### β-Oxidation of Unsaturated vs. Saturated Fatty Acids: Key Differences
**Question:**
Which of the following is true when comparing the β-oxidation of a naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acid to that of a saturated fatty acid?
**Options:**
1. It involves an extra step to convert a trans double bond to a cis double bond.
2. It proceeds by a totally different pathway.
3. It involves an extra step to convert a cis double bond to a trans double bond.
4. It is identical to the β-oxidation of a saturated fatty acid.
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This educational question tests the understanding of the biochemical pathway differences in the β-oxidation of unsaturated versus saturated fatty acids. Here are the options explained:
1. **Extra Step for Trans to Cis Conversion**: This option is incorrect as it does not describe the biochemical processes accurately.
2. **Totally Different Pathway**: This is incorrect since the main pathway remains the same; however, there are additional steps involved for unsaturated fatty acids.
3. **Extra Step for Cis to Trans Conversion**: Correct. Naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acids typically have cis double bonds. During β-oxidation, an enzyme is required to convert these cis double bonds to trans double bonds so that the process can proceed efficiently.
4. **Identical β-Oxidation**: This is incorrect as there are distinct additional steps when dealing with unsaturated fatty acids compared to saturated ones.
For further detail, enzymes like enoyl-CoA isomerase are involved in converting the cis double bonds to trans double bonds, allowing the fatty acid to enter the regular β-oxidation cycle.
---
**Answer:**
3. It involves an extra step to convert a cis double bond to a trans double bond.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F977a7d5b-612c-4a78-bbf9-0692c187c4ca%2F2913b505-f21a-4fd3-b6b3-79443878d925%2Fw0n3v7_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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