Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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
Transcribed Image Text:Learning Goal:
When two bonded atoms attract electrons with equal strength, the
result is a nonpolar covalent bond. A polar covalent bond is one in
which the electrons are unequally shared between the atoms. An ionic
bond results when the sharing is so unequal that fully charged ions
form. Electronegativity difference can be used to predict bond type. If
electronegativities differ by more than 2 units, the bond is substantially
ionic, if they differ by less than 2 units, the bond is polar covalent, and
if the values are equal, the bond is nonpolar covalent.
If you are not given electronegativity values, you can still predict the
bond type using the periodic table. Metals have low electronegativity
compared to nonmetals. So in general, we can predict that any metal-
nonmetal combination will be ionic and any nonmetal-nonmetal
combination will be covalent. If electronegativity values aren't given,
you should assume that a covalent bond is polar unless it is between
two atoms of the same element.

Transcribed Image Text:Part C
lonic compounds are formed from ionic bonds, whereby an electron is transferred from the metal cation to the nonmetal anion. lons form solid lattices of ions. Covalent
compounds form solids through the attraction of two covalent molecules. Since the attraction between two covalent molecules is weak compared to the ionic bonds
holding an ionic compound together, ionic compounds tend to have higher melting points.
Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling point?
• View Available Hint(s)
F2
O NaF
HF
O CIF
Submit
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X Incorrect; Try Again; 2 attempts remaining
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B.
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