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Curren'S Math For Meds: Dosages & Sol

Curren'S Math For Meds: Dosages & Sol

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305143531

Author:CURREN

Publisher:CURREN

Chapter21: Heparin Infusion Calculations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13SST

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Do not use Ai

Which of the following are likely to diffuse directly
through the phospholipid membrane (check all
that apply)?
Diazepam (Valium; MW = 284.74; Ko/w = 2.82)
Levodopa (dopamine precursor given for
Parkinson's disease; MW = 197.19; Ko/w = 0.05)
Sucrose (MW = 342.3; Ko/w = 0.0002)
Phenytoin (anti-seizure medication; MW = 252.27;
Ko/w = 2.47)
Insulin (MW 5778; Ko/w = N/A)
Bicarbonate (HCO3-; MW = 61.017; Ko/w = N/A)

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One of the important uses of the Nernst equation is in describing the flow of ions across plasma membranes. Ions move under the influence of two forces: the concentration gradient (given in electrical units by the Nernst equation) and the electrical gradient (given by the membrane voltage). This is summarized by Ohms law: Ix=Gx(VmEx) which describes the movement of ion x across the membrane. I is the current in amperes (A); G is the conductance, a measure of the permeability of x, in Siemens (S), which is I/V;Vm is the membrane voltage; and Ex is the equilibrium potential of ion x. Not only does this equation tell how large the current is, but it also tells what direction the current is flowing. By convention, a negative value of the current represents either a positive ion entering the cell or a negative ion leaving the cell. The opposite is true of a positive value of the current. a. Using the following information, calculate the magnitude of Na [ Na+ ]0=145mM,[ Na+ ]i=15mM,Gna+=1nS,Vm=70mV b. Is Na+ entering or leaving the cell? c. Is Na+ moving with or against the concentration gradient? Is it moving with or against the electrical gradient?
Estimate the binding affi nity of a ligand for its receptor from the followingdata:
Estimate the flux (mg/cm2/s) by diffusion of estrogen (a steroid) through a lipid bilayer cell membrane when assuming the diffusion coefficient for estrogen across the lipid bilayer is 10^–6 cm2/s, and that the initial concentration of estrogen in the extracellular fluid is 1 ng/mL and 0 in the cytoplasm.
13. 0.9% (m/v) NaCI solution and 5% (m/v) glucose solution are both isotonic to red blood cells. SHOW your work and watch sig figs & units. c. convert the concentration from M to % (m/v) for a 0.342 M NaC solution. (HINT: convert to g/ml and then multiple by 100%)
Calculate the change in Gibbs free energy for transport of Ca2+ from outside to inside the cell. The extracellular Ca2+ concentration is 135 uM, and the intracellular Ca2+ concentration is 98 uM. The membrane potential is -22 mV and the temperature is 37°C. O. -5.1 kJ/mol O 1.2 kJ/mol -410 kJ/mol 3.4 kJ/mol
In the Nernst equation [V = 62 log10 (Co/ Ci)], the term Co represents: the intracellular concentration of calcium the extracellular concentration of potassium the extracellular concentration of sodium the intracellular concentration of potassium the membrane potential (in millivolts)
In the Nernst equation [V = 62 log10 (Co / Ci)], the term Co represents: cell bio the intracellular concentration of calcium the extracellular concentration of potassium the extracellular concentration of sodium the intracellular concentration of potassium the membrane potential (in millivolts)
Calculate the equilibrium membrane potentials to be expected across a membrane at 37 ∘C, with a NaCl concentration of 0.50M on the "right side" and 0.08 M on the "left side", given the following conditions. In each case, state which side is (+) and which is (−). Membrane permeable only to Cl−.
The simple form of |Hoff equation is: II = [B]RT In this equation the [B] is the molar concentration of solute. So: n m [B] = v MV = cg /MA Where c, the mass concentration of the solute is in the total volume of solution and M, is the molar mass of the solute. This equation can be replaced in the previous one to get: RT II = MA In this equation molar mass of given solute can be detemined from the slope of the II vs Cz plot. This equation applies only to solutions that are sufficiently dilute to behave as ideal-dilute solutions. In the case of non-ideal solutions, however, the extended formula is: II = [B]RT{1+ k. [B] + n. [B]² + ...} Biological macromolecules dissolve to produce solutions that are far from ideal, but we can still calculate the osmotic pressure by assuming that the van't Hoff equation is only the first term of a lengthier expression: II [B]RT(1+ b. [B]) II = RT + bRT. [B] [B] II = RT + bRT./M. */Ma п RT ÞRT Ca MA MA In this equation molar mass of given biomolecule can…
Calculate the equilibrium membrane potentials to be expected across a membrane at 37 ∘C, with a NaCl concentration of 0.50 M on the "right side" and 0.08 M on the "left side", given the following conditions. In each case, state which side is (+) and which is (−). Membrane equally permeable to both ions.
Of the following cell membrane lipids, which one 1) prefers to reside in the inner leaflet (or inner half) of the membrane bilayer, AND 2) is not zwitterionic at physiological pH (7.4)? 1. SM (sphingomyelin) is inner-leaflet & NOT zwitterionic 2. PC (phosphatidylcholine) is inner-leaflet & NOT zwitterionic 3. PS (phosphatidylserine) is inner-leaflet & NOT zwitterionic 4. 2 of these 3 responses are correct
Which of the following cell membrane lipids prefers to reside in the INNER leaflet (or inner half) of the membrane bilayer, AND is NOT zwitterionic at physiological pH (7.4)? O PS (phosphatidylserine) is inner-leaflet & NOT zwitterionic SM (sphingomyelin) is inner-leaflet & NOT zwitterionic O PC (phosphatidylcholine) is inner-leaflet & NOT zwitterionic 3 of these 4 responses are correct O PE (phosphatidylethanolamine) is inner-leaflet & NOT zwitterionic

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