Which of the following are differences between DNA and RNA molecules? a) DNA has the nitrogenous bases: A, T, C, G and RNA has the nitrogenous bases A, U, C, G b) DNA molecules are held together by covalent bonds between the 5 carbon sugar and the phosphate groups; RNA molecules are held together by hydrogen bonds c) DNA's 5 carbon sugar is deoxyribose and RNA's 5 carbon sugar is ribose d) DNA is a double-stranded helix; RNA is one strand

Which of the following are differences between DNA and RNA molecules? a) DNA has the nitrogenous bases: A, T, C, G and RNA has the nitrogenous bases A, U, C, G b) DNA molecules are held together by covalent bonds between the 5 carbon sugar and the phosphate groups; RNA molecules are held together by hydrogen bonds c) DNA's 5 carbon sugar is deoxyribose and RNA's 5 carbon sugar is ribose d) DNA is a double-stranded helix; RNA is one strand

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter8: The Structure, Replication, And Chromosomal Organization Of Dna

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 18QP

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Concept explainers

DNA and RNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is usually called the blueprint of life. Deoxyribose is a monosaccharide that has a key function in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. One less oxygen-containing hydroxyl group occurs in deoxyribose sugar. Nucleic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, is one of the natural components. Deoxyribonucleic acid is a double-stranded molecule. Watson and Crick postulated the double-stranded model of the helix. A deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecular group that carries and transmits genetic information from parents to offspring. All eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells are involved.

DNA as the Genetic Material

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a long polymeric nucleic acid molecule discovered in the late 1930s. It is a polymer; a long chain-like molecule made up of several monomers connected in a sequence. It possesses certain characteristics that qualify it as a genetic component. Certain organisms have different types of nucleic acids as their genetic material - DNA or RNA.

Genetics

The significant branch in science which involves the study of genes, gene variations, and the organism's heredity is known as genetics. It is also used to study the involvement of a gene or set of genes in the health of an individual and how it prevents several diseases in a human being. Thus, genetics also creates an understanding of various medical conditions.

DNA Replication

The mechanism by which deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is capable of producing an exact copy of its own is defined as DNA replication. The DNA molecules utilize a semiconservative method for replication.

Question

Which of the following are differences between DNA and RNA molecules?
a) DNA has the nitrogenous bases: A, T, C, G and RNA has the nitrogenous
bases A, U, C, G
b) DNA molecules are held together by covalent bonds between the 5 carbon
sugar and the phosphate groups; RNA molecules are held together by
hydrogen bonds
c) DNA's 5 carbon sugar is deoxyribose and RNA's 5 carbon sugar is ribose
d) DNA is a double-stranded helix; RNA is one strand

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In DNA the nucleic acid bases form hydrogen bonds between them, which are responsible for the formation of the double-stranded helix. A hydrogen bond donor is defined as any hydrogen atom that can participate in a hydrogen bond, whereas a hydrogen bond acceptor is defined as any atom that can “receive” that hydrogen atom to form a hydrogen bond. How many hydrogen bond acceptors does guanine (shown below) have? a) 3, b) 5 c) 4 d) 6 e) 7
RNA differs from DNA in that: a) The ribose in RNA nucleotides contains fewer oxygen atoms than does deoxyribose DNA nucleotides. b) It is always single stranded and cannot form base pairs. c) It contains the nucleotide uracil, which pairs with thymine. d) It is single-stranded but can fold into a variety of structures, some of which are double-stranded. e) RNA can only be found in the cytoplasm whereas DNA can only be found in the nucleus.
When comparing the structures of RNA and DNA , which of the following statement is True?A-Only RNA contains 3'-deoxyribise rings B-Both RNA and DNA contain 3'-deoxyribise rings C-Only DNA contains 3'- deoxyribise rings D-Neither RNA or DNA contain 3'-deoxyribise rings
What are the component parts of a single DNA nucleotide? Group of answer choices A)a pentose sugar, a phosphate group and a base B) A, G, C and T C) ribose and deoxyribose D) two C's, two A's, a G and a T
Which of the following is NOT a dissimilarity between RNA and DNA? a) Types of bases b) Double-stranded vs. single-stranded c) Type of sugar d) Formation of Phosphodiester bonds
A) What is the difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide? B) Give any two differences between DNA and RNA. C) Draw the structure of deoxyribose and ribose below, and number the carbons. What is the difference between the two structures? Please answer all 3 parts
Which of the following bases is linked together by three hydrogen bonds? A) adenine and cytosine B guanine and thymine c) cytosine and thymine D cytosine and guanine
DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids, but their structures and functions differ. Which of the following options correctly describes the structures and functions of DNA and RNA? a RNA is made from DNA and is used in transcription, while DNA is used in translation. b DNA is a double helix that is used to make proteins, while RNA is single-stranded and used to make lipids. c In DNA, adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine join together and carry all of the genetic information. RNA is made from adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine and is used to make proteins. d DNA is a double helix that carries all of the genetic information of an organism, while RNA is single-stranded and carries only half of the genetic information.
Which of the following are true statements about DNA and RNA? Select all that apply. RNA contains the base uracil and the sugar ribose RNA contains the base thymine and the sugar deoyribose The monomer (repeating subunit) of both DNA and RNA is a nucleotide (a sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base) RNA has two strands, while DNA is single stranded DNA has two strands, while RNA is single stranded
Which of the following conventions is used to specify the sequence of bases in DNA a) The sequence begins with the nucleotide that has a free 3' terminus b) The sequence begins with the nucleotide that has a free 5' terminus c) The sequence begins from the end closest to the first adenine d) The sequence begins from the end closest to the first thymine
The following define nucleic acids EXCEPT A) They are polyionic molecules of high molecular weight composed of subunits or monomers called nucleosides. B) They are chainlike macromolecules that function in the storage and transfer of genetic information. C They are polynucleotides. They contain genes that encode for polypeptides and RNAS.
Which of the following combinations is nucleotide molecule? The nitrogenous base uracil bonded to ribose and phosphate complemented with the addition of a water molecule A nucleoside resulting from the dehydration reaction between two phosphates, glycerol, and an unsaturated fatty acid. The DNA backbone consisting of three phosphate groups, a 5-carbon nitrogenous base, and a nitrogen-containing sugar residue An ATP molecule is formed by combining adenine, ribose, and three inorganic phosphate groups