Answered: Which fluid principle states that a…

Which fluid principle states that a change in pressure at any point in a confined fluid is transmitted in all directions throughout? a. archimedes b. bernoulli's c.Buoyant d.pascal's

College Physics

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168000

Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs

Publisher:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs

Chapter11: Fluid Statics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 22PE: The left side of the heart creates a pressure of 120 mm Hg by exerting a force directly on the blood...

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(a) Verify that a 19.0% decrease in laminar flow through a tube is caused by a 5.00% decrease in radius, assuming that all other factors remain constant, as stated in the text. (b) What increase in flow is obtained from a 5.00% increase in radius, again assuming all other factors remain constant?
The water supply of a building is fed through a main pipe 6.00 cm in diameter. A 2.00-cm-diameter faucet tap, located 2.00 m above the main pipe, is observed to fill a 25.0-L container in 30.0 s. (a) What is the speed at which the water leaves the faucet? (b) What is the gauge pressure in the 6-cm main pipe? Assume the faucet is the only leak in the building.
(a) Using Bernoulli's equation, show that the measured fluid speed v for a pitot tube, like the one in Figure 12.7(b), is given by v=( 2gh)1/2 , where h is the height of the manometer fluid, is the density of the manometer fluid, is the density of the moving fluid, and g is the acceleration due to gravity. (Note that v is indeed proportional to the square root of h, as stated in the text.) (b) Calculate v for moving air if a mercury manometer's h is 0.200 m. Figure 12.7 Measurement of fluid speed based on Bernoulli's principle. (a) A manometer is connected to two that are close together and small enough not to disturb the flow. Tube 1 is open at the end facing the flow. A dead spot having zero speed is created there. Tube 2 has an opening on the side, and so the fluid has a speed V across the opening; thus, pressure there drops. The difference in pressure at the manometer is 12v22 , and so h is proportional to 12v22 . (b) This type of velocity measuring device is a Prandtl tube, also known as a pitot tube.
(a) What is the pressure drop due to the Bernoulli effect as water goes into a 3.00-cm-diameter nozzle from a 9.00-cm-diameter fire hose while carrying a flow of 40.0 L/S? (b) To what maximum height above the nozzle can this water rise? (The actual height will be significantly smaller due to air resistance.)
Archimedes' principle can be used to calculate the density of a fluid as well as that of a solid. Suppose a chunk of iron with a mass of 390.0 g in air is found to have an apparent mass of 350.5 g when completely submerged in an unknown liquid. (a) What mass of fluid does the iron displace? (b) What is the volume of iron, using its density as given in Table 11.1 (c) Calculate the fluid's density and identify it.
Liquid toxic waste with a density of 1752 kg/m3 is flowing through a section of pipe with a radius of 0.312 m at a velocity of 1.64 m/s. a. What is the velocity of the waste after it goes through a constriction and enters a second section of pipe with a radius of 0.222 m? b. If the waste is under a pressure of 850,000 Pa in the first section of pipe, what is the pressure in the second (constricted) section of pipe?
Pressure in the spinal fluid is measured as shown in Figure 11.43. If the pressure in the spinal fluid is 10.0 mm Hg: (a) What is the reading of the water manometer in cm water? (b) What is the reading if the person sits up, placing the top of the fluid 60 cm above the tap? The fluid density is 1.05 g/mL. Figure 11.43 A water manometer used to measure pressure in the spinal fluid. The height of the fluid in the manometer is measured relative to the spinal column, and the manometer is open to the atmosphere. The measured pressure will be considerably greater if the person sits up.
Gasoline is piped underground from refineries to major users. The flow rate is 3.00102 m3/s (about 500 gal/ min), the viscosity of gasoline is 1.00103 (N/m2) s, and its density is 680 kg/m3. (a) What minimum diameter must the pipe have if the Reynolds number is to be less than 2000? (b) What pressure difference must be maintained along each kilometer of the pipe to maintain this flow rate?
(a) What is the density of a woman who floats in freshwater with 4.00% of her volume above the surface? This could be measured by placing her in a tank with marks on the side to measure how much water she displaces when floating and when held under water (briefly). (b) What percent of her volume is above the surface when she floats in seawater?
Water is moving at a velocity of 2.00 m/s through a hose with an internal diameter of 1.60 cm. (a) What is the flow rate in liters per second? (b) The fluid velocity in this hose's nozzle is 15.0 m/s. What is the nozzle's inside diameter?
Unreasonable Results A fairly large garden hose has an internal radius of 0.600 cm and a length of 23.0 m. The nozzle-less horizontal hose is attached to a faucet, and it delivers 50.0 L/S. (a) What water pressure is supplied by the faucet? (b) What is unreasonable about this pressure? (c) What is unreasonable about the premise? (d) What is the Reynolds number for the given flow? (Take the viscosity of water as 1.005103(N/m2)s .)
Does atmospheric pressure add to the gas pressure in a rigid tank? In a toy balloon? When, in general, does atmospheric pressure not affect the total pressure in a fluid?