Answered: Which approach is more widely used in…

Ciccarelli: Psychology_5 (5th Edition)

5th Edition

ISBN:9780134477961

Author:Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White

Publisher:Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White

Chapter1: The Science Of Psychology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1TY

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Question

Which approach is more widely used in treating phobias?

Expert Solution

Step 1

Phobias refer to persistent and disproportionate fear of some specific object or situation that presents little or no actual danger and leads to great deal of avoidance of the feared situation.

The DSM categorizes three distinct types of phobia,

Specific phobia- a persistent fear that is triggered by a specific object or situation.
Social phobia- disabling fears of one or more specific social situations.
Agoraphobia- the fear of public places of assembly that are crowded like shopping malls.

Step 2

Phobic disorders are primarily viewed as a learned behavior. It is developed through classical conditioning patterns between the feared object and one’s reaction of the same, or through vicarious conditioning, wherein a fearful response is learned through observation(Wolpe & Rachman, 1960).