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When fatty acyl-CoA enters the mitochondrial matrix, it undergoes a catabolic pathway called beta-oxidation (ß-oxidation). In ß-oxidation, a fatty acyl-CoA, goes through a repeated series of four reactions, each time losing two of its carbons. Explain why the term "ß-oxidation" is used for this pathway.

When fatty acyl-CoA enters the mitochondrial matrix, it undergoes a catabolic pathway called beta-oxidation (ß-oxidation). In ß-oxidation, a fatty acyl-CoA, goes through a repeated series of four reactions, each time losing two of its carbons. Explain why the term "ß-oxidation" is used for this pathway.

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
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15.21) The first reaction in the catabolism of fatty acids is called activation. In this reaction, the acyl group of a fatty acid is transferred to coenzyme A. The fatty acid is converted to a fatty acyl-coenzyme A. The reaction is shown below using a fatty acid that contains only eight carbons (for simplicity); in biological systems fatty acids typically contain twelve to twenty carbons. ATP + H₂O AMP + 2P₁ CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂C-0 + H-COA CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,C—CoA + fatty acyl-CoA fatty acid When fatty acyl-CoA enters the mitochondrial matrix, it undergoes a catabolic pathway called beta-oxidation (ß-oxidation). In ß-oxidation, a fatty acyl-CoA, goes through a repeated series of four reactions, each time losing two of its carbons. Explain why the term "ß-oxidation" is used for this pathway. YOUR ANSWER SHOULD BE SOMETHING LIKE THIS: The carbon that is next to a fatty acyl's carbonyl group is designated as the "a-carbon," and the carbon that is two carbons away from the carbonyl group is designated as the "B-carbon." reaction 3 of ß-oxidation (shown on the right), the ß-carbon is oxidized. It is for this reason that the reaction pathway is called ß-oxidation. In this oxidation, a hydrogen and electron are transferred to NAD+, reducing it to NADH. CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂C-CH₂C -COA В Reaction 3 NADH + H+ H+ ОН HO I | || CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,CH–CHC—COA B α NAD+
Transcribed Image Text:15.21) The first reaction in the catabolism of fatty acids is called activation. In this reaction, the acyl group of a fatty acid is transferred to coenzyme A. The fatty acid is converted to a fatty acyl-coenzyme A. The reaction is shown below using a fatty acid that contains only eight carbons (for simplicity); in biological systems fatty acids typically contain twelve to twenty carbons. ATP + H₂O AMP + 2P₁ CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂C-0 + H-COA CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,C—CoA + fatty acyl-CoA fatty acid When fatty acyl-CoA enters the mitochondrial matrix, it undergoes a catabolic pathway called beta-oxidation (ß-oxidation). In ß-oxidation, a fatty acyl-CoA, goes through a repeated series of four reactions, each time losing two of its carbons. Explain why the term "ß-oxidation" is used for this pathway. YOUR ANSWER SHOULD BE SOMETHING LIKE THIS: The carbon that is next to a fatty acyl's carbonyl group is designated as the "a-carbon," and the carbon that is two carbons away from the carbonyl group is designated as the "B-carbon." reaction 3 of ß-oxidation (shown on the right), the ß-carbon is oxidized. It is for this reason that the reaction pathway is called ß-oxidation. In this oxidation, a hydrogen and electron are transferred to NAD+, reducing it to NADH. CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂C-CH₂C -COA В Reaction 3 NADH + H+ H+ ОН HO I | || CH,CH,CH,CH,CH,CH–CHC—COA B α NAD+
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