When doing numerical calculations involving temperature, you need to pay particular attention to the temperature scale you are using. In general, you should use the Kelvin scale (for which T=0 represents absolute zero) in such calculations. This is because the standard thermodynamic equations (i.e., the ideal gas law and the formula for energy of a gas in terms of temperature) assume that zero degrees represents absolute zero. a) The average kinetic energy of the molecules of an ideal gas at 10∘C has the value K10. At what temperature T1 (in degrees Celsius) will the average kinetic energy of the same gas be twice this value, 2K10? b) The molecules in an ideal gas at 10∘C have a root-mean-square (rms) speed vrms. At what temperature T2 (in degrees Celsius) will the molecules have twice the rms speed, 2vrms?
Kinetic Theory of Gas
The Kinetic Theory of gases is a classical model of gases, according to which gases are composed of molecules/particles that are in random motion. While undergoing this random motion, kinetic energy in molecules can assume random velocity across all directions. It also says that the constituent particles/molecules undergo elastic collision, which means that the total kinetic energy remains constant before and after the collision. The average kinetic energy of the particles also determines the pressure of the gas.
P-V Diagram
A P-V diagram is a very important tool of the branch of physics known as thermodynamics, which is used to analyze the working and hence the efficiency of thermodynamic engines. As the name suggests, it is used to measure the changes in pressure (P) and volume (V) corresponding to the thermodynamic system under study. The P-V diagram is used as an indicator diagram to control the given thermodynamic system.
When doing numerical calculations involving temperature, you need to pay particular attention to the temperature scale you are using. In general, you should use the Kelvin scale (for which T=0 represents absolute zero) in such calculations. This is because the standard
a) The average kinetic energy of the molecules of an ideal gas at 10∘C has the value K10. At what temperature T1 (in degrees Celsius) will the average kinetic energy of the same gas be twice this value, 2K10?
b) The molecules in an ideal gas at 10∘C have a root-mean-square (rms) speed vrms. At what temperature T2 (in degrees Celsius) will the molecules have twice the rms speed, 2vrms?
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