When does the Stress concentrations occur in shafts?
Design Against Fluctuating Loads
Machine elements are subjected to varieties of loads, some components are subjected to static loads, while some machine components are subjected to fluctuating loads, whose load magnitude tends to fluctuate. The components of a machine, when rotating at a high speed, are subjected to a high degree of load, which fluctuates from a high value to a low value. For the machine elements under the action of static loads, static failure theories are applied to know the safe and hazardous working conditions and regions. However, most of the machine elements are subjected to variable or fluctuating stresses, due to the nature of load that fluctuates from high magnitude to low magnitude. Also, the nature of the loads is repetitive. For instance, shafts, bearings, cams and followers, and so on.
Design Against Fluctuating Load
Stress is defined as force per unit area. When there is localization of huge stresses in mechanical components, due to irregularities present in components and sudden changes in cross-section is known as stress concentration. For example, groves, keyways, screw threads, oil holes, splines etc. are irregularities.
When does the Stress concentrations occur in shafts?
A resisting force produced in a body on each unit area to counter the deformation of the body is termed as stress. It is induced in the body and has a similar unit as pressure, but it is totally different from pressure because it is induced in the body while pressure is externally applied.
Stress concentration is defined as the magnification of stress in a particular region such as cuts, notches and many more. In components, notches, cracks, sharp angles and irregularities are induced during the manufacturing of that component. After manufacturing, when the component is operating its function, the inducement of stress begun more at the cracks, sharp angles and notches.
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