### Code ExplanationIn this example, we have a C++ code snippet that involves a function call and outputs to the console. Let's break it down:#### Code```cppvoid changeToFive(int num1);int main(){ int num = 1; cout << "In the main function, the number is: " << num << endl; changeToFive(num); cout << "Now the output is " << num << endl; return 0;}void changeToFive(int num1){ num1 = 5; cout << "The number is now: " << num1 << endl;}```#### Analysis1. **Main Function Execution:** - The program begins by entering the `main()` function. - An integer variable `num` is initialized with the value `1`. - It prints: `"In the main function, the number is: 1"`2. **Function Call `changeToFive(num)`:** - The value of `num` (which is `1`) is passed to the `changeToFive` function. - Inside `changeToFive`, the variable `num1` is a copy of `num`. - The line `num1 = 5;` changes the local copy `num1` to `5`. - It prints: `"The number is now: 5"` - Note: This change does not affect `num` in the `main()` function.3. **After the Function Call:** - Control returns to `main()`. - It prints: `"Now the output is 1"`#### ConclusionThe output after executing this code will be:```In the main function, the number is: 1The number is now: 5Now the output is 1```This illustrates the concept of pass-by-value in C++, where modifications to function parameters do not affect the original arguments.

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What will the output be after the execution of this code? void changeToFive(int num1); int main() { int num = 1; cout << "In the main function, the number is: " << num << endl; changeToFive(num); cout << "Now the output is " << num << endl; return 0; } void changeToFive(int num1) { num1 = 5; cout << "The number is now: << num1 << endl; }

What will the output be after the execution of this code? void changeToFive(int num1); int main() { int num = 1; cout << "In the main function, the number is: " << num << endl; changeToFive(num); cout << "Now the output is " << num << endl; return 0; } void changeToFive(int num1) { num1 = 5; cout << "The number is now: << num1 << endl; }

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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Concept explainers

Types of Function

A function is a process or task that does some operation in the program. Some programming languages may contain built-in functions for certain commonly used tasks. Most programming languages also support user-defined functions, which means a user can write their own function to perform some operation. There are some libraries or header files that contain built-in functions for performing certain tasks.

Question

### Code Explanation

In this example, we have a C++ code snippet that involves a function call and outputs to the console. Let's break it down:

#### Code
```cpp
void changeToFive(int num1);
int main()
{
int num = 1;
cout << "In the main function, the number is: " << num << endl;
changeToFive(num);
cout << "Now the output is " << num << endl;
return 0;
}

void changeToFive(int num1)
{
num1 = 5;
cout << "The number is now: " << num1 << endl;
}
```

#### Analysis

1. **Main Function Execution:**
- The program begins by entering the `main()` function.
- An integer variable `num` is initialized with the value `1`.
- It prints: `"In the main function, the number is: 1"`

2. **Function Call `changeToFive(num)`:**
- The value of `num` (which is `1`) is passed to the `changeToFive` function.
- Inside `changeToFive`, the variable `num1` is a copy of `num`.
- The line `num1 = 5;` changes the local copy `num1` to `5`.
- It prints: `"The number is now: 5"`
- Note: This change does not affect `num` in the `main()` function.

3. **After the Function Call:**
- Control returns to `main()`.
- It prints: `"Now the output is 1"`

#### Conclusion

The output after executing this code will be:

```
In the main function, the number is: 1
The number is now: 5
Now the output is 1
```

This illustrates the concept of pass-by-value in C++, where modifications to function parameters do not affect the original arguments.

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