What type of transporter moves glucose into the cell against its concentration gradient? A. Na+-glucose antiport B. Na+-glucose symport C. Glucose uniport D. K+-glucose antiport E. K+-glucose symport
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- Glucose moves into red blood cells via facilitated diffusion using the glucose transporter. Glucose transporter, also known as GLUT, is a uniporter. How does a uniporter work? A Uniporter transports one solute at a time in the same direction. (B Uniporter transports two different solutes at the same time in the same direction. CUniporter transports two different solutes in opposite directions. D Uniporter transports two similar solutes at the same time in the same direction.The Na+ /glucose symport transports glucose from the lumen of the smallintestine into cells lining the lumen. Transport of 1 glucose molecule isdirectly coupled to the transport of 1 Na+ ion into the cell. 1 Na+out + 1 glucoseout → 1 Na+in + 1 glucoseinAssume the following conditions at 37 °C: [Na+]in = 12 mM, [Na+]out =145 mM, [glucose]out = 28 μM, and Δψ = -72 mV (inside negative).(a) What is ΔG for transport of Na+ from outside to inside under theseconditions?(b) What is the upper limit for [glucose]in under these conditions?(c) Which of the two hypothetical symports shown below (A or B) wouldachieve the highest concentration of [glucose]in under the conditionsdescribed above? Briefly explain your choice. A: 1 Na+out + 2 glucoseout → 1 Na+in + 2 glucosein B: 2 Na+out + 1 glucoseout → 2 Na+in + 1 glucoseinThe Na+/glucose cotransporter in ION-GRADIENT-DRIVEN ACTIVE TRANSPORT, ________moves down its gradient and _______ against its gradient. Na+/K+ Na+/Na+ Na+/glucose glucose/glucose
- Which of the following does not directly or indirectly require an energy source?a. primary active transportb. operation of the Na1/K1-ATPase pumpc. the mechanism used by cells to produce a calcium ion gradient across the plasma membraned. facilitated transport of glucose across a plasma membranee. secondary active transportWhich of the following will likely increase the rate of facilitated diffusion of a glucose mol- ecule into the cell from the extracellular environment? A B с D an increase in the concentration of glucose in the cell an increase in the concentration of glucose outside of the cell a decrease in the production of ATP an increase in the production of ATPWhich of these statements about the facilitated diffusion of glucose is true? a. There is a net movement from the region of lower to the region of higher concentration. b.Carrier proteins in the plasma membrane are required for this transport. c. This transport requires energy obtained from ATP. d.It is an example of cotransport.
- The Na+/glucose cotransporter in ION-GRADIENT-DRIVEN ACTIVE TRANSPORT, against its gradient. Na+/glucose Na+/K+ glucose/glucose Na+/Na+ moves down its gradient andThe movement of glucose across the plasma membrane is determined by: Oa. Electrochemical gradient O b. Concentration gradient c. Both electrochemical gradient and concentration gradientCompare and contrast the different transport mechanisms: Electrochemical gradient Carrier-Mediated/Not Metabolic Energy Na+ Gradient Inhibition of Na-K Pump
- Imagine a hypothetical cell with a higher concentration of glucose inside the cell thanoutside. Answer the following questions about this cell, assuming all transport acrossthe membrane is passive, not active.a. Can the glucose simply diffuse across the cell membrane? Why or why not?b. If there are glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, which way wouldglucose flow- into or out of the cell? Explain your answer.c. If the concentration of glucose was equal inside and outside of the cell, do you thinkthere would be a net flow of glucose across the cell membrane in one direction orthe other? Explain your answer.The figure below illustrates glucose uptake in the intestine into the endothelial cells and eventually from the intestine into the blood. Intestinal Blood lumen Microvili 2K Epithelial cell O3 Na 2 Na go Na"K* ATPase Glucose Glucose The figure shows three transport systems I, II, and III which are a and respectively. A. antiporter, symporter, and uniporter B. uniporter, antiporter, and symporter c. symporter, antiporter, and uniporter D. symporter, uniporter, and antiporter E, antiporter, uniporter, symporterThe Na+/glucose Cotransporter The active transport of glucose is mediated by the Na+/glucose cotransporter. This is a symporter; that is, both the sodium ion and the glucose molecule are passing through the membrane in the same direction: sodium DOWN its gradient of about 140 mM outside to 10 mM inside while glucose is going UP its gradient (0.005 mM -> 5 mM) T=37oC and Vm = -70 mV CALCULATE THE ΔGin for Na+ (show work) – and is this enough energy to move glucose in? Or do you need to move 2 Na+ in for each glucose co-transported in? Explain