What statistical term applies to each of the boldface numbers in the following quotes? Your options foreach are odds, individual risk, and relative risk.1. "In 2021, 8% of young adults used a hallucinogen in the past year, an all-time high, that studyfound. In comparison, only 5% of young adults reported using a hallucinogen in the past year in2016, while only 3% used one in 2011."2. In a sample cohort of older US adults it was found that those who didn't get their flu vaccinationswere 1.4 times as likely than those who did get their vaccination to develop Alzheimer's disease.3. "One-in-four U.S. parents say they've struggled to afford food or housing in the past year"4. A study [from 17 national news outlets' Facebook posts from April 1 through June 30, 2018]showed that men appeared in Facebook news images at a 2 to 1 ratio compared to women.5. Fontham² found increased risks of lung cancer with increasing exposure to secondhand smoke,whether it took place at home, work, or in a social setting. A person whose spouse smokes has1.3 times the lung-cancer risk as that of someone whose spouse does not smoke.

Answered: What statistical term applies to each…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Question

What statistical term applies to each of the boldface numbers in the following quotes? Your options for
each are odds, individual risk, and relative risk.
1. "In 2021, 8% of young adults used a hallucinogen in the past year, an all-time high, that study
found. In comparison, only 5% of young adults reported using a hallucinogen in the past year in
2016, while only 3% used one in 2011."
2. In a sample cohort of older US adults it was found that those who didn't get their flu vaccinations
were 1.4 times as likely than those who did get their vaccination to develop Alzheimer's disease.
3. "One-in-four U.S. parents say they've struggled to afford food or housing in the past year"
4. A study [from 17 national news outlets' Facebook posts from April 1 through June 30, 2018]
showed that men appeared in Facebook news images at a 2 to 1 ratio compared to women.
5. Fontham² found increased risks of lung cancer with increasing exposure to secondhand smoke,
whether it took place at home, work, or in a social setting. A person whose spouse smokes has
1.3 times the lung-cancer risk as that of someone whose spouse does not smoke.

Expert Solution

Step 1: Finding correct options

Let's analyze each of the quotes to determine which statistical term applies to the boldface numbers:

1 "In 2021, 8% of young adults used a hallucinogen in the past year, an all-time high, that study found. In comparison, only 5% of young adults reported using a hallucinogen in the past year in 2016, while only 3% used one in 2011."

The boldface numbers in this quote represent the prevalence of young adults using hallucinogens in different years. These numbers represent the individual risk of using hallucinogens in a specific year.

2 "In a sample cohort of older US adults, it was found that those who didn't get their flu vaccinations were 1.4 times as likely than those who did get their vaccination to develop Alzheimer's disease."

The boldface number "1.4 times" represents the relative risk of developing Alzheimer's disease for older US adults who didn't get their flu vaccinations compared to those who did.