Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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![### Topic: SN2 Reactions
**Question:**
What product is formed when (R)-2-chloropentane reacts with hydroxide ion in an SN2 reaction?
**Answer Input Field:**
```plaintext
[ ]
```
*(This field is for students to enter their answers in an interactive format on the website.)*
---
**Explanation:**
In an SN2 reaction, a nucleophile attacks the carbon atom that is bonded to a leaving group. Here, the hydroxide ion (OH-) serves as the nucleophile, and the chloride ion (Cl-) is the leaving group. The reaction proceeds with inversion of configuration at the carbon center, so (R)-2-chloropentane will be converted to (S)-2-pentanol.
### SN2 Mechanism:
1. **Nucleophilic Attack:** The hydroxide ion attacks the carbon that is attached to the chlorine atom from the opposite side.
2. **Transition State:** A transition state forms where the carbon is partially bonded to both the chlorine and the hydroxide ion.
3. **Leaving Group Departure:** The chloride ion leaves, resulting in an inversion of the stereochemistry of the carbon center.
### Product:
**(S)-2-pentanol**
This inversion happens due to the backside attack mechanism characteristic of SN2 reactions, leading to a change in spatial configuration from (R) to (S).](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fc91174da-4403-47a6-9909-42e8d6a68b06%2F450d52bb-b820-481e-ad37-26e12a32175a%2Fk6g0znbk_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Topic: SN2 Reactions
**Question:**
What product is formed when (R)-2-chloropentane reacts with hydroxide ion in an SN2 reaction?
**Answer Input Field:**
```plaintext
[ ]
```
*(This field is for students to enter their answers in an interactive format on the website.)*
---
**Explanation:**
In an SN2 reaction, a nucleophile attacks the carbon atom that is bonded to a leaving group. Here, the hydroxide ion (OH-) serves as the nucleophile, and the chloride ion (Cl-) is the leaving group. The reaction proceeds with inversion of configuration at the carbon center, so (R)-2-chloropentane will be converted to (S)-2-pentanol.
### SN2 Mechanism:
1. **Nucleophilic Attack:** The hydroxide ion attacks the carbon that is attached to the chlorine atom from the opposite side.
2. **Transition State:** A transition state forms where the carbon is partially bonded to both the chlorine and the hydroxide ion.
3. **Leaving Group Departure:** The chloride ion leaves, resulting in an inversion of the stereochemistry of the carbon center.
### Product:
**(S)-2-pentanol**
This inversion happens due to the backside attack mechanism characteristic of SN2 reactions, leading to a change in spatial configuration from (R) to (S).
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