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What methods of security were the most common in the early days of computers xplain

What methods of security were the most common in the early days of computers xplain

Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN:9780133594140
Author:James Kurose, Keith Ross
Publisher:James Kurose, Keith Ross
Chapter1: Computer Networks And The Internet
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem R1RQ: What is the difference between a host and an end system? List several different types of end...
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### Early Computer Security Methods **Question:** What methods of security were the most common in the early days of computers? Explain. **Answer:** In the early days of computing, several methods were commonly employed to ensure the security of computer systems. These methods included: 1. **Physical Security:** - **Locked Rooms:** Computers were kept in locked rooms to prevent unauthorized physical access. - **Access Control:** Only authorized personnel could enter the room where the computer was housed, often monitored by security staff or using keys and later, electronic access cards. 2. **User Authentication:** - **Passwords:** Users were required to enter passwords to gain access to the computer systems. Passwords were often simple and not always well-enforced. - **User IDs:** Combined with passwords, unique user IDs helped track who was accessing the system. 3. **Isolation:** - **Air-Gapped Systems:** Computers were often not connected to any network, preventing remote access and reducing the risk of outside attacks. - **Dedicated Lines:** When connections were necessary, dedicated phone lines were used to connect terminals to computers, making interception more difficult. 4. **Data Integrity Controls:** - **Checksum Algorithms:** Used to verify the integrity of data by generating a unique value that could be checked to ensure data had not been tampered with. - **Physical Backups:** Regular physical backups of data onto tapes or disks to prevent data loss from system failures or contamination. 5. **Administrative Controls:** - **Policies and Procedures:** Written protocols on how to handle data, who could access what information, and guidelines for secure computer operation. - **Training Programs:** Regular training sessions for staff to educate them about security best practices. 6. **Encryption:** - Although less common in the earliest days, primitive forms of encryption were sometimes used to protect sensitive information. ### Summary Early computer security was primarily focused on controlling physical access and ensuring that only authorized users could access systems. Over time, as technology and threats evolved, so did the methods of securing computer systems. **Note:** There are no graphs or diagrams provided in the image to explain.
Transcribed Image Text:### Early Computer Security Methods **Question:** What methods of security were the most common in the early days of computers? Explain. **Answer:** In the early days of computing, several methods were commonly employed to ensure the security of computer systems. These methods included: 1. **Physical Security:** - **Locked Rooms:** Computers were kept in locked rooms to prevent unauthorized physical access. - **Access Control:** Only authorized personnel could enter the room where the computer was housed, often monitored by security staff or using keys and later, electronic access cards. 2. **User Authentication:** - **Passwords:** Users were required to enter passwords to gain access to the computer systems. Passwords were often simple and not always well-enforced. - **User IDs:** Combined with passwords, unique user IDs helped track who was accessing the system. 3. **Isolation:** - **Air-Gapped Systems:** Computers were often not connected to any network, preventing remote access and reducing the risk of outside attacks. - **Dedicated Lines:** When connections were necessary, dedicated phone lines were used to connect terminals to computers, making interception more difficult. 4. **Data Integrity Controls:** - **Checksum Algorithms:** Used to verify the integrity of data by generating a unique value that could be checked to ensure data had not been tampered with. - **Physical Backups:** Regular physical backups of data onto tapes or disks to prevent data loss from system failures or contamination. 5. **Administrative Controls:** - **Policies and Procedures:** Written protocols on how to handle data, who could access what information, and guidelines for secure computer operation. - **Training Programs:** Regular training sessions for staff to educate them about security best practices. 6. **Encryption:** - Although less common in the earliest days, primitive forms of encryption were sometimes used to protect sensitive information. ### Summary Early computer security was primarily focused on controlling physical access and ensuring that only authorized users could access systems. Over time, as technology and threats evolved, so did the methods of securing computer systems. **Note:** There are no graphs or diagrams provided in the image to explain.
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