Q1:
What is the underlying problem in this case from the perspective of a hospital administration?
Transcribed Image Text: caregivins fore
Management in Action
understanding of job demands going in.216 Many
quickly recognize that good pay isn't enough to offset
other job factors. As one nurse put it, "Nursing ain't for
sissies, and if you choose nursing for the monetary ben-
efits and not because you love the profession or love
Difficulties Attracting and Retaining Human
Capital in the Nursing Profession
Imagine a job that pays well above national averages
and provides many opportunities for continuing edu-
cation, specialization, and career advancement. It al-
lows you to be active every day and to make a real
difference in
scheduling flexibility some describe as "fantastic!"208
Would you sign up? Strong salaries, lifelong learning
opportunities, three-day workweeks, and meaningful
work are common facets of a nursing career. And yet,
people, you will not stay."217
The gender pay gap is another compensation issue
in the nursing profession. Although women account for
91 percent of nurses, female RNs earn between $4,000
and $17,000 less per year than their male colleagues. 218
Male RNs also enjoy significant career advancement
and mobility advantages over female RNs, an effect de-
scribed as a "glass escalator" that takes males in female-
dominated professions "straight to the top" of the
career ladder while their female counterparts spend
their careers climbing lower rungs.219
lives,
along with the kind of
hospitals consistently report nursing shortages stem-
ming from both a lack of applicants and extremely
high turnover rates. Turnover seems particularly high
newly
minted registered nurses (RNS), with
among
data suggesting approximately 18 percent-30 percent
of new nurses quit their first job within a year.209 With
all the positives associated with the career, why do
hospitals have such a hard time attracting and retain-
ing nurses?
INTERPERSONAL TREATMENT
It's not uncommon for nurses to experience verbal and
physical abuse on the job. The mistreatment stems
from three primary sources: doctors, other nurses, and
patients.
The American Medical Association says doctors
and nurses have an ethical obligation to ensure their
working relationships with one another reflect a
"common commitment to well-being" and are "based
on mutual respect and trust."220 In spite of this advice
COMPENSATION
Nursing is one of the college majors with the highest
starting salaries,210 with new RNs earning an average of
almost $60,000 annually. This salary is competitive
when compared to the $49,000 overall average starting
salary for new college graduatesl and the U.S. median
annual income of around $57,500.212 RNs can earn six-
they take night or overtime
and the extensive training, skills, and knowledge
they operate in an environment
where
figure annual incomes if
shifts
But many RNs feel their salaries do not compensate
them for the level of responsibility and the physical and
emotional demands of the job.21s One of the primary
nurses possess,
doctors repeatedly question their competence. In a so-
cial media rant that went viral, Florida anesthesiolo-
gist Dr. David Glener said nurse practitioners were
or
work as traveling nurses.213.214
"useful but only as minions."221
physically assault nurses. A Virginia nurse recalls
surgeon calling him "stupid" and throwing a bloody
scalpel at him in the operating room because the
Physicians
sometimes
a
reasons cited for high nurse turnover, particularly in
early careers, is that new nurses don't have a realistic
Human Resource Management
CHAPTER 9
371
nurse "didn't have a rare piece of equipment that he
needed."222
Bullying is a problem among peers. Studies suggest
that 45 percent of
nurses. Nurse-on-nurse bullying isn't harmful just to the
toward nurse safety. Says Collins, "They've tried to per-
suade their bosses to launch major campaigns to pre-
vent nurses from getting hurt lifting patients, but their
pitch goes nowhere."230 Some hospitals hav
cused of trying to minimize or even hide data on inju-
ries in response to questions about nurse safety. 231
have been bullied
been
nurses who experience it-it's also detrimental to pa-
tient
tient care. Said Renee Thompson (DNP, RN,
CMSRN), "when you're being treated in a way that is
making you feel badly,
When we're not freely communicating with
of the healthcare team, it ultimately affects out-
comes "223 In an interview with Nurse.com, Cole
RESPONSES
stons the flow of information.
Both patient outcomes and the bottom line suffer when
nursing departments are understaffed.32 Still, nurses
continue to feel that hospital administrators undervalue
them and treat them as disposable labor.23 In response,
members
comes.
Edmonson (RN) added, "it's known that nurse bullying
ultimately impacts the quality and safety of patient care
being provided, as 75% of nurses state they are aware of
errors in patient care or issues created when nurse bul-
lying occurs."
Patients are a third source of nurse mistreatment.
some are resorting to collective action. In March 2018.
the California Nurses Association announced that its
18,000 member RNs associated with the Kaiser
Permanente
whelming majority" to authorize negotiators to call a
strike. Members of the union cited severe concerns
ealth system had voted by an "over-
Heimericks, executive director of the Missouri
Nurses Association, says, "I suspect that if
Says.
nurses if they've been harassed by patients, a
with the low standards of care for patients and hospi-
tals' "refusal to support a series of RN proposals that
would enhance safe staffing and general patient care
standards. "234
ask
majority
would say yes."225 The reason? According to American
Nurses Association President Pam Cipirano, nurses'
roles often create the illusion, for patients,
FOR DISCUSSION
that nurses will comply with their demands. Cipriano
says "the health care worker is expected to make a
good situation out of a bad one," and patients some-
times assume nurses "should be able to tolerate what-
ever another human being dishes out at them" merely
because those patients are under stress.226 Abuse can
also turn physical, with survey data suggesting that
tween 25 percent and 75 percent of nurses have suf-
fered violence from patients, their visitors, or their
families.
with dien
prhano
Problem-Solving Perspective
1. What is the underlying problem in this case from the
perspective of a hospital administrator?
2. What role do you believe hospital administrators have
played in contributing to nursing shortages and high
be-
nurse turnover?
3. What can hospitals do to increase nurse supply and
retention rates?
Application of Chapter Content
INJURIES ON THE JOB
1. What could hospitals do to create a realistic job pre-
Nurses experience frequent and serious work-related
injuries. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indi-
cates more than 35,000 injuries are reported annually
among nursing employees, with most stemming from
the daily work of moving and lifting patients.228 In
spite of a long-held tradition of teaching safe lifting
techniques to nursing students, decades of data now
show there is no safe technique for manually lifting
view before new nurses accept a position? How do
you think this might help with nurse retention?
2. What type of training or development might hospitals
offer to help reduce nurse turnover?
3. What steps could hospitals take to ensure male and
female nurses are given equal opportunities in com-
pensation and promotion decisions?
how there
patients. 229
tents.
Some hospitals have invested in nursing staff's phys-
4. Do hospitals have a legal and/or ethical responsibility
to invest more money in equipment to prevent work-
related nursing injuries? Why or why not?
5. What do you think are the primary reasons nurses
ical safety by purchasing specialized lifting equipment
similar to that used to lift heavy parts in manufacturing
facilities. Hospitals in Florida's Baptist Health System
and the Department of Veterans Affairs have reduced
nurses' lifting injuries by up to 80
porating these machines, but industry experts say the
majority of hospitals have not followed suit. According
to James Collins, a research manager at the National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, hospital
workers feel frustrated with the progress being made
experience so much mistreatment on the job, and
what can hospitals and nurses do to decrease these
incidents?
percent since incor-
6. Why do you think some nurses are resorting to collec-
tive action, and what do you think hospitals might do
to proactively advance nurses' interests and avoid
nursing strikes?
372
PART 4
Organizing