Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
Related questions
Question
What is the theorized origin of these organelles and what is the name of the Scientific Theory that
explains it?
Transcribed Image Text:Intermembrane
Outer
membrane
space
Inner
membrane
Granum
(stack of
thylakoids)
Stroma
(aqueous fluid)
Thylakoid
Figure 3.15 This simplified diagram of a chloroplast shows the
outer membrane, inner membrane, thylakoids, grana, and
stroma.
Transcribed Image Text:Nucleus
Nuclear envelope:
membrane enclosing
the nucleus. Protein-lined
pores allow material to
move in and out.
Cytoskeleton
Microtubules: form the
mitotic spindle and
maintain cell shape.
Centrosome: microtubule-
organizing center.
Chromatin: DNA plus
associated proteins.
-Intermediate filaments:
fibrous proteins that hold
organelles in place.
Microfilaments:
fibrous proteins;
form the cellular
Nucleolus:
condensed region
where ribosomes
are formed.
cortex.
Plasma
membrane
Peroxisome:
metabolizes
waste
Lysosome:
digests food and
waste materials.
Golgi apparatus:
modifies proteins.
Endoplasmic
reticulum
Rough: associated
with ribosomes;
makes secretory and
membrane proteins.
Smooth: makes lipids.
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria:
produce energy.
Vacuole
(a)
Endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus: contains
chromatin, a
nuclear envelope,
and a nucleolus,
as in an animal cell
Plasmodesmata:
channels connect
smooth
rough
two plant cells
Cell wall: maintains
cell shape
Plasma -
membrane
Cytoplasm -
- Ribosomes
Central vacuole:
filled with cell sap
that maintains
-Golgi
apparatus
pressure against
cell wall
Mitochondria
Cytoskeleton:
microtubules
intermediate
filaments
microfilaments of photosynthesis
- Peroxisome
Chloroplast: site
Plastid: stores
pigments
(b)
Figure 3.7 This figure shows (a) a typical animal cell and (b) a
typical plant cell.
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