Ideal and Real Gases
Ideal gases obey conditions of the general gas laws under all states of pressure and temperature. Ideal gases are also named perfect gases. The attributes of ideal gases are as follows,
Gas Laws
Gas laws describe the ways in which volume, temperature, pressure, and other conditions correlate when matter is in a gaseous state. The very first observations about the physical properties of gases was made by Robert Boyle in 1662. Later discoveries were made by Charles, Gay-Lussac, Avogadro, and others. Eventually, these observations were combined to produce the ideal gas law.
Gaseous State
It is well known that matter exists in different forms in our surroundings. There are five known states of matter, such as solids, gases, liquids, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate. The last two are known newly in the recent days. Thus, the detailed forms of matter studied are solids, gases and liquids. The best example of a substance that is present in different states is water. It is solid ice, gaseous vapor or steam and liquid water depending on the temperature and pressure conditions. This is due to the difference in the intermolecular forces and distances. The occurrence of three different phases is due to the difference in the two major forces, the force which tends to tightly hold molecules i.e., forces of attraction and the disruptive forces obtained from the thermal energy of molecules.
The law obtained using various kinetic theory assumptions and helpful in determining variables (pressure/temperature/volume) for gases is known as "ideal gas law". It is an expression containing all P, V, T and n terms.
Given:
The volume of gas is 126 mL.
The number of moles of gas is 0.6 mol.
The pressure of gas is 69 mmHg.
The ideal gas equation is shown below.
Here,
The pressure of gas is “P”.
The volume of gas is “V”.
The number of moles of gas is “n”.
The gas constant is “R”.
The temperature is “T”.
The value of gas constant is 0.0821 L.atm/K.mol.
The conversion of pressure in mmHg to atm is done below.
The conversion of volume in mL to L is done below.
Substitute all known values in equation (I).
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