What is the probability that an adult has a high BMI? What is the probability that an adult lives in a high-income country and has a high BMI? What is the probability that an adult lives in a high-income country, given that the adult has a high BMI?

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**Obesity and BMI in Different Income Level Countries**

Obesity is a growing public health concern worldwide. Adults with a high body mass index (BMI) of 25 or above are considered overweight or obese. The table below shows the number of adults (in millions) who are overweight or obese in countries with different income levels, based on data from the World Health Organization and the United Nations.

| Country income level | Millions with high BMI | Millions with BMI < 25 | Total |
|----------------------|------------------------|------------------------|-------|
| High                 | 549                    | 414                    | 963   |
| Upper middle         | 612                    | 1042                   | 1654  |
| Lower middle         | 288                    | 1083                   | 1371  |
| Low                  | 63                     | 357                    | 420   |
| All                  | 1512                   | 2896                   | 4408  |

**Questions:**

(a) What is the probability that an adult has a high BMI?

(b) What is the probability that an adult lives in a high-income country and has a high BMI?

(c) What is the probability that an adult lives in a high-income country, given that the adult has a high BMI?

(d) Are the country income level and BMI type independent? Justify your answer.

**Explanation:**

The table provides important data for understanding obesity distribution across different income-level countries. The data breaks down the adult population into those with a high BMI (overweight or obese) and those with a BMI less than 25 (normal weight). This allows for the analysis of obesity trends in relation to economic factors.

The probability questions (a) through (d) are designed to encourage analysis of these relationships, focusing on the likelihood of high BMI occurrences and their association with income levels. This analysis can help determine if economic status influences obesity rates and whether there is an independence between country income levels and BMI types.
Transcribed Image Text:**Obesity and BMI in Different Income Level Countries** Obesity is a growing public health concern worldwide. Adults with a high body mass index (BMI) of 25 or above are considered overweight or obese. The table below shows the number of adults (in millions) who are overweight or obese in countries with different income levels, based on data from the World Health Organization and the United Nations. | Country income level | Millions with high BMI | Millions with BMI < 25 | Total | |----------------------|------------------------|------------------------|-------| | High | 549 | 414 | 963 | | Upper middle | 612 | 1042 | 1654 | | Lower middle | 288 | 1083 | 1371 | | Low | 63 | 357 | 420 | | All | 1512 | 2896 | 4408 | **Questions:** (a) What is the probability that an adult has a high BMI? (b) What is the probability that an adult lives in a high-income country and has a high BMI? (c) What is the probability that an adult lives in a high-income country, given that the adult has a high BMI? (d) Are the country income level and BMI type independent? Justify your answer. **Explanation:** The table provides important data for understanding obesity distribution across different income-level countries. The data breaks down the adult population into those with a high BMI (overweight or obese) and those with a BMI less than 25 (normal weight). This allows for the analysis of obesity trends in relation to economic factors. The probability questions (a) through (d) are designed to encourage analysis of these relationships, focusing on the likelihood of high BMI occurrences and their association with income levels. This analysis can help determine if economic status influences obesity rates and whether there is an independence between country income levels and BMI types.
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