What is the physical state (solid, liquid, or gas) of each of the following carboxylic acids at room temperature? a. Oxalic acid b. Decanoic acid c. Hexanoic acid d. Benzoic acid
Introduction to Organic Chemistry
The field of chemistry which deals with the studies of reactions, structures, and properties of organic compounds that comprise carbon bonded through covalent bonding is organic chemistry. The studies regarding the structure of organic compounds could be determined with the help of structural formulas. In order to know about the behavior of organic compounds, a study on the properties has to be done. Both physical properties and chemical properties, the origin of chemical reactivity come under the study regarding the properties of organic compounds. The chemical preparation of polymers, drugs, natural products, and the study of separate organic molecules in the lab come under the study of organic reactions.
Vinyl Group
Vinyl group is the name given to the functional group of -CH=CH2. It can be seen as an ethene molecule with one less hydrogen in number. Hence it is also called as ethenyl group at times.
Straight Chain Hydrocarbons
The requirement to identify each compound needs a richer number of words than informative prefixes like n and iso. The identification of organic molecules is made easier by the use of systematic nomenclature schemes. The organic chemistry nomenclature has two types: traditional and systematic. Common names arise in many forms, but share the characteristic that a link through name and form is unnecessary. The name that matches a certain structure clearly must be remembered as knowing a person's name. In contrast, systemic names, including an overall common set of laws, are locked specifically to the chemical structure.
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon
Following are few examples of alkenes with their general molecular as well as their structural formulas:
Conjugated Compounds in Organic Chemistry
The delocalization of electrons in a molecule is called conjugation in organic chemistry. This delocalisation process of electrons leads to the shortenings or elongations of chemical bonds, but at the same time it causes changes in the chemical properties in conjugated molecules as compared to the non-conjugated ones. For example, conjugated molecules absorb light at longer wavelengths.
Alpha Carbon And Alpha Protons
The carbon directly attached to the functional group in an organic molecule is referred to as the alpha carbon and the hydrogen attached to an alpha carbon are termed as the alpha hydrogens or alpha protons. These alpha carbon atoms and alpha hydrogen atoms are of importance because they undergo certain characteristic reactions in organic chemistry.
What is the physical state (solid, liquid, or gas) of each of the following carboxylic acids at room temperature?
a. Oxalic acid
b. Decanoic acid
c. Hexanoic acid
d. Benzoic acid
Classify the two carboxylic acids in each of the following pairs as (A) both dicarboxylic acids, (B) both monocarboxylic acids, or (C) one dicarboxylic and one monocarboxylic acid.
1. Glutaric acid and valeric acid
2. Adipic acid and oxalic acid
3. Caproic acid and formic acid
4. Succinic acid and malonic acid
Each of the following acids contains an additional type of
9. Acrylic acid
10. Lactic acid
11. Maleic acid
12. Glycolic acid
13. Fumaric acid
14. Pyruvic acid
15. Malic acid
16. Tartaric acid
What type of
17. synthesis of methyl salicylate
18. reaction with a strong alkali
19. occurs in aqueous solution
21. release of hydrogen gas
22. production of carboxylate salts
23. reaction with acetyl chloride
24. one of the reactants is alcohol
25. alcohol used as reactant
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