What is the photoelectric effect and how did it change our concept of light and matter?

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Albert Einstein is probably the most famous physicist of all time. He is best known for his studies involving the speed of light (Special Relativity) and gravity (General Relativity). He is less well known for explaining the photoelectric effect, though that is how he won his only Nobel Prize. What is the photoelectric effect and how did it change our concept of light and matter?

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When an electromagnetic radiation (light) is hitting on a material  and  if the energy ( or frequency ) of the light is more the the a certain value then electrons are emitted from this material this phenomenon known as photoelectric effect and the minimum energy required  is known as work fuction of the materials and it is a constant for a particular material and the corresponding frequency or wavelength is called cut off frequency or wavelength. 

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