Lipids
The heterogeneous classes of organic compounds that are not water-soluble but are dissolved in organic solvents that are non-polar in nature are termed lipids. They are a long chain of fatty acids and esters of alcohols. Lipids are generally seen in several plants, microorganisms, and animals. They are utilized as insulation, components of the cell membrane, hormones, and molecules for the storage of energy.
Glycerophospholipid
Glycerophospholipid is the most abundantly occuring phospholipids found in the biological membranes. Lipids include a group of organic compounds like fats, hormones, oils, waxes, vitamins etc. They are non-polar molecules and are insoluble in water. Lipids play an important role in biological systems. They are the building blocks of our cell membranes, store energy and are involved in signaling.
Structure Of Camphor
A terpene with the molecular formula of C10H16O is a waxy, white color solid known as camphor. It is flammable. It also possesses a very pungent taste and a strong odor. There are various sources for extracting camphor from natural products such as the wood of the tree of camphor laurel. Sublimation of wood and steam distillation are some of the methods involved in obtaining camphor.
Glycolipid In Organic Chemistry
Glycolipids are lipids that are an important class of organic compounds in chemistry that have simple to complex applications. They contain carbohydrates, fatty acids, sphingolipids or a glycerol group. In other words, they are the modifications of lipids like acylglycerols, prenols and ceramides. They are all part of a wider group of compounds known as glycoconjugates.
Diterpenoid
The terpenoid class includes diterpenoids, which are chemical compounds with 20 carbon atoms. They are made up of four isoprene units and are derived from geranylgeraniol, a C20 precursor. They have a C20H32 basic structure. These characteristics distinguish diterpenoids from simple terpenes, which have just 10 carbon atoms.
What is the oxidation state of the affected carbon in the starting material and product?
![Oxidation of Fluorene
Prelab: Write in your notebook the physical properties (molecular formula, molar mass, solubility, m.R, k.R) and the Reaction
Scheme for this reaction (includes structure of fluorene and the product, 9-fluorenone). Obtain and turn-in the IR (KBr) and H-NMR
literature spectra for the fluorene and 9-fluorenone from the SDBS website. Include your advance procedures in your notebook.
Reaction Scheme:
О, NaOH
Catalyst
Introduction: Oxidation of alkanes is notoriously difficult. However, the benzylic position of Fluorene can be oxidized in basic conditions by
oxygen with a catalyst such as Aliquat 336 (twicaprvlmethylammonium chloride).
Caution: NaOH is toxic and corrosive. Avoid contact and wash affected area immediately with water.
Waste: Any hexane filtrates should be disposed of in the Red solvent waste recovery canister. Aqueous filtrates may be poured down the drain.
Procedure: Mix 0.8 g of fluorene with 8 mL of hexanes (bottle top dispenser) in a 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask with a stir bar. Add 4 mL of 10 M
NaOH (use gloves). Add 10 drops of Aliguat 336 and stir the mixture vigorously for 1 hour. The stirring rate should produce a froth on the
surface. Transfer the reaction to a 15 mL centrifuge tube or test tube, cool in an ice bath for 2-3 minutes and carefully remove the lower aqueous
layer with a pipet. Collect the solid, crude fluorenone on a Buchner funnel via vacuum filtration. Wash with small amount of 1 M HCl (~2 mL)
and then water.
Dry the sample on the filter for a few minutes. Get a mass of the product before continuing.
Recrystallize the crude product from cyclohexane. Dissolve your product in a minimum of hot cyclohexane (generally ~13 mL/gram
crude product) and cool to RT, then an ice bath until product crystals form. Do not cool too long. You will freeze the cyclohexane. Filter the
recrystallized product.
Dry and obtain the mass and melting point. Obtain an IR using KBr. Calculate the percent yield for the reaction.
Fluorene CAS Registry No.: 86-73-7
Fluorenone CAS Registry No.: 486-25-9](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F233396bf-72f6-4e47-8d0d-be3130c6d58a%2Ff6402640-49cd-4fdd-8d21-6d1800aeb3b5%2Fnrdh45p_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
![](/static/compass_v2/shared-icons/check-mark.png)
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps with 2 images
![Blurred answer](/static/compass_v2/solution-images/blurred-answer.jpg)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305957404/9781305957404_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259911156/9781259911156_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Principles of Instrumental Analysis](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305577213/9781305577213_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305957404/9781305957404_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259911156/9781259911156_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Principles of Instrumental Analysis](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305577213/9781305577213_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Organic Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780078021558/9780078021558_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry: Principles and Reactions](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305079373/9781305079373_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781118431221/9781118431221_smallCoverImage.gif)