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What is the mechanisms to get from the reactant to the products

What is the mechanisms to get from the reactant to the products

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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What is the mechanisms to get from the reactant to the products
**Functional Group Transformations** **Starting Compound Class** | **Typical Reagents and Reaction Conditions** | **Compound Class Formed** --- **(3) Epoxide** - Reaction with sodium cyanide (NaCN) in the presence of water (H₂O). - Forms a β-hydroxy nitrile with the opening of the epoxide ring and the addition of the cyanide group (CN). **(4) Alkyne (Terminal)** - The terminal alkyne R'C≡CH is treated with sodium hydride (NaH) followed by an epoxide (R'O). - Subsequent treatment with hydronium ion (H₃O⁺) results in the formation of an alcohol, specifically a 3-alkyn-1-ol, with the terminal carbon now connected to the new group. **Diagrams and Mechanisms:** 1. The first reaction involves an epoxide undergoing ring-opening in the presence of NaCN, leading to the formation of a nitrile group on the β-carbon. 2. In the second transformation, a terminal alkyne is deprotonated using NaH, allowing it to attack an epoxide, leading to a new alcohol with the alkyne functionality intact at the 3-position.
Transcribed Image Text:**Functional Group Transformations** **Starting Compound Class** | **Typical Reagents and Reaction Conditions** | **Compound Class Formed** --- **(3) Epoxide** - Reaction with sodium cyanide (NaCN) in the presence of water (H₂O). - Forms a β-hydroxy nitrile with the opening of the epoxide ring and the addition of the cyanide group (CN). **(4) Alkyne (Terminal)** - The terminal alkyne R'C≡CH is treated with sodium hydride (NaH) followed by an epoxide (R'O). - Subsequent treatment with hydronium ion (H₃O⁺) results in the formation of an alcohol, specifically a 3-alkyn-1-ol, with the terminal carbon now connected to the new group. **Diagrams and Mechanisms:** 1. The first reaction involves an epoxide undergoing ring-opening in the presence of NaCN, leading to the formation of a nitrile group on the β-carbon. 2. In the second transformation, a terminal alkyne is deprotonated using NaH, allowing it to attack an epoxide, leading to a new alcohol with the alkyne functionality intact at the 3-position.
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