Gravitational force
In nature, every object is attracted by every other object. This phenomenon is called gravity. The force associated with gravity is called gravitational force. The gravitational force is the weakest force that exists in nature. The gravitational force is always attractive.
Acceleration Due to Gravity
In fundamental physics, gravity or gravitational force is the universal attractive force acting between all the matters that exist or exhibit. It is the weakest known force. Therefore no internal changes in an object occurs due to this force. On the other hand, it has control over the trajectories of bodies in the solar system and in the universe due to its vast scope and universal action. The free fall of objects on Earth and the motions of celestial bodies, according to Newton, are both determined by the same force. It was Newton who put forward that the moon is held by a strong attractive force exerted by the Earth which makes it revolve in a straight line. He was sure that this force is similar to the downward force which Earth exerts on all the objects on it.
![1 of 2
Figure
m2
m1](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F20b515c9-5e3a-448e-90a2-ac3b562e1523%2F207f68df-1fae-4f52-9d8b-f7cf131187c8%2Fvdn9xkf_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
![Understanding Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
3 of 3
Constants
Learning Goal:
To understand Newton's law of universal gravitation
and be able to apply it in two-object situations and
(collinear) three-object situations; to distinguish
between the use of G and q.
Consider the earth following its nearly circular orbit (dashed curve) about the sun. (Figure 2) The earth
has mass mearth = 5.98 x 10 kg and the sun has mass msun=1.99 x 1030 kg. They are
separated, center to center, by r = 93 million miles = 150 million km.
In the late 1600s, Isaac Newton proposed a rule to
quantify the attractive force known as gravity between
objects that have mass, such as those shown in the
figure. (Figure 1) Newton's law of universal gravitation
describes the magnitude of the attractive gravitational
Part A
force Fg between two objects with masses mj and m2
What is the magnitude of the gravitational force acting on the earth due to the sun?
as
Express your answer in newtons.
F, = G()
where r is the distance between the centers of the two
objects and G is the gravitational constant.
The gravitational force is attractive, so in the figure it
pulls to the right on m1 (toward m2) and toward the left
on m2 (toward m1). The gravitational force acting on](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F20b515c9-5e3a-448e-90a2-ac3b562e1523%2F207f68df-1fae-4f52-9d8b-f7cf131187c8%2Fb8mccta_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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