Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding IUPAC Nomenclature through Molecular Visualization
#### Question:
What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?
#### Molecular Structure:
The image shows a 3D ball-and-stick model of a molecule. In this model:
- **Gray spheres** represent carbon atoms (C).
- **White spheres** represent hydrogen atoms (H).
- **Red spheres** represent oxygen atoms (O).
#### Molecular Model:
The displayed model, with the setting "ball & stick" and additional labels provided, clearly illustrates the spatial arrangement of atoms within the molecule. The orange color coded buttons most likely represent interactive features for deeper exploration of the model.
From the molecular structure displayed:
1. **Central Framework**: The molecule consists of a carbon chain (4 carbon atoms), forming a backbone.
2. **Substituents**:
- A **hydroxyl group** (-OH) attached to the carbon atom at the primary position.
- A **carboxylic acid group** (C=O) attached to the same carbon atom.
By understanding the placement and bonding of these atoms, one can determine the systematic IUPAC name of this compound. Detailed exploration through the visual representation aids in deeply understanding the molecular geometry and functional groups.
#### IUPAC Nomenclature Insight:
To derive the IUPAC name:
- Identify the longest carbon chain attached, which is butane.
- Specify the functional groups and their position in the name.
Therefore, considering the structure and substituents, the IUPAC name of the compound is **2-hydroxybutanoic acid**.
#### Conclusion
This 3D visualization aids significantly in grasping the structural and spatial parameters crucial for accurate chemical nomenclature. Utilizing models like these enhances comprehension and application of chemistry principles effectively.
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This transcription aims to provide clarity on deriving IUPAC names using molecular models, aiding educational pursuits in chemistry by enhancing visualization and understanding.
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