Answered: What is the freezing point of a…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Question

What is the freezing point of a solution prepared by dissolving 5.84 g Na2SO4 in 250.0 g H2O?

Expert Solution

Step 1

$∆ T = i . K_{f} . m$

Because,

$∆ T = T_{solvent} - T_{solution}$

Therefore,

$T_{solvent} - T_{solution} = i . K_{f} . m$

where,

$\begin{array}{rcl} ∆ T & = & f r e e z i n g p o i n t d e p r e s s i o n \\ T_{solvent} & = & f r e e z i n g p o i n t d e p r e s s i o n o f s o l v e n t = 0 ° C \\ T_{solution} & = & f r e e z i n g p o i n t d e p r e s s i o n o f s o l u t i o n \\ K_{f} & = & m o l a l f r e e z i n g p o i n t d e p r e s s i o n c o n s \tan t \\ m & = & m o l a l i t y \\ i & = & V a n' t H o f f f a c t o r \end{array}$

$m = \frac{n u m b e r o f m o l e s}{m a s s o f s o l v e n t (i n K g)}$
$n u m b e r o f m o l e s = \frac{m a s s o f c o m p o u n d (i n g)}{m o l a r m a s s o f c o m p o u n d (i n g / m o l)}$
Van't Hoff factor (i) is 3 for Na₂SO₄ because Na₂SO₄ dissociates into 3 ions (2 Na⁺ and 1 SO₄^2-).
Molar mass of Na₂SO₄ is 142.04g/mol

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