What is the difference between Euploidy and polyploidy?
Chromosome may be defined as the condense form of DNA that can be inherited from one generation to next generation. Humans have 23 pairs or 46 number of chromosomes. 22 pairs of chromosomes are known as autosomes and the remaining pair of chromosome is known as sex chromosome. Females have XX chromosome whereas males have XY chromosome.
Alteration or change in the chromosome structure might cause particular characteristic disease in human beings. Two main types of chromosome alteration are structural abnormality and numerical ability. Structural abnormality is change in the chromosome structure and might occur due to duplication, deletion, inversion or translocation. The numerical abnormality means the change in number of chromosomes. This might occur due to the deletion or duplication of a particular chromosomes. Several syndromes like Klinefelter’s syndrome, down syndrome and turner syndrome occur due to deletion or increase in the chromosome number.
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