What is the central theme of molecular genetics? Now let's look at the entire process of taking DNA and creating Proteins from that code: Say we have the following nucleotide chain in DNA: T-A-C-T-A-G-C-G-G-A-T-A-G-C-A-T-C-C-C-G-G-G-A-T-A-T-T DNA What happens during the event called transcription?
DNA and RNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is usually called the blueprint of life. Deoxyribose is a monosaccharide that has a key function in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. One less oxygen-containing hydroxyl group occurs in deoxyribose sugar. Nucleic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, is one of the natural components. Deoxyribonucleic acid is a double-stranded molecule. Watson and Crick postulated the double-stranded model of the helix. A deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecular group that carries and transmits genetic information from parents to offspring. All eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells are involved.
DNA as the Genetic Material
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a long polymeric nucleic acid molecule discovered in the late 1930s. It is a polymer; a long chain-like molecule made up of several monomers connected in a sequence. It possesses certain characteristics that qualify it as a genetic component. Certain organisms have different types of nucleic acids as their genetic material - DNA or RNA.
Genetics
The significant branch in science which involves the study of genes, gene variations, and the organism's heredity is known as genetics. It is also used to study the involvement of a gene or set of genes in the health of an individual and how it prevents several diseases in a human being. Thus, genetics also creates an understanding of various medical conditions.
DNA Replication
The mechanism by which deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is capable of producing an exact copy of its own is defined as DNA replication. The DNA molecules utilize a semiconservative method for replication.
![In the early 1960's scientists knew the structure of DNA, however they didn't know how it coded for
the expression of proteins. To find out, American Biochemist, Marshall Nirenberg did an experiment
and figured out the first codon!
To begin he made a solution of Uracil (U), and linked the nucleotides together to form a synthetic RNA
molecule which read-UUUUUUU... etc. Therefore, no matter where the message started or stopped,
the codon triplets always read UUU, UUU, UUU. Next, he added the poly-U chain to a solution of
ribosomes and other ingredients needed for polypeptide synthesis. The result was a polypeptide
containing the amino acid phenylalanine.
Thus, Niernberg learned that the RNA codon UUU specifies the amino acid phenylalanine.
What is the central theme of molecular genetics?
Now let's look at the entire process of taking DNA and creating Proteins from that code:
Say we have the following nucleotide chain in DNA:
T-A-C-T-A-G-C-G-G-A-T-A-G-C-A-T-C-C-C-G-G-G-A-T-A-T-T DNA
What happens during the event called transcription?
Which DNA bases are complementary to the RNA bases?
Now, what would that RNA code be to the DNA (in the box below)?
T-A-C-T-A-G-C-G-G-A-T-A-G-C-A-T-C-C-C-G-G-G-A-T-A-T-T DNA
RNA
Based on our RNA code (the string of nucleotides) - we can create triplet codons that will code for
amino acids. Write the list (from above) of triplet codons out, separating each codon by a hyphen (ex.
ABC-DEF-GHI...etc.).
Based on the sequence of triplet codons written above, write out the associated amino acid sequence
as determined by the RNA codons (separate the amino acids with a hyphen). The codon table with
amino acid sequence is in figure 10.9 of your textbook - writing the three letter amino acid
abbreviation is fine. Notice/indicate the "Start" and "Stop" codons.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ffbe4d004-b0c7-4fb9-bd84-121b248ea820%2Fd4db6be2-eb71-4a43-ab25-269fea074b84%2F7pdik2_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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