Answered: What is Opioid use disorder?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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What is Opioid use disorder?

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Opioids

are a class of medications that function by interacting with opioid receptors in your cells to relieve pain.
Opioids can be made naturally from the poppy plant, such as morphine (Kadian, Ms Contin, and others), or synthetically, such as fentanyl (Actiq, Duragesic, others).

MECHANISM OF ACTION

By engaging with mu, delta, or kappa opioid receptors, opioids mimic the activities of endogenous opioid peptides.
The opioid receptors are linked to G1 proteins, therefore opioids have primarily inhibitory effects.
They shut N-type voltage-operated calcium channels and
open calcium-dependent inwardly-rectifying potassium channels.
Hyperpolarization and a decrease in neural excitability follow as a result of this.
They also reduce intracellular cAMP, which regulates nociceptive neurotransmitter release (e.g. substance P).
The main mechanism of analgesic action is cyclooxygenase inhibition of prostaglandin production.

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