What is humanistic theories?
What is humanistic theories?
Humanistic school of psychology is known as the "third force" of development, emerged in 1950. The pioneers of Humanistic perspective were Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers. Maslow gave the concept of hierarchy of need. Whereas, Carl rogers gave a major therapeutic approach of Client centered therapy. They emphasized the role of free choice, self efficacy and an individuals ability to make rational and conscious choices about the way he wants to lead his life, and deemphasized the concept of dysfunction and influence of unconscious processes in determining human behaviour. They focused on the person as a whole thus having a holistic approach.
Humanistic school of thought gave some major approaches suggesting that our internal factors such as our needs and self perceptions regarding ourselves and the meaning we give to our experiences drives our behaviour. They gave the concept of unconditional positive regard, self actualization, self esteem, hierarchy of needs.
Carl Rogers and Maslow were the humanistic psychologists who used the term self-actualization. Maslow described it in his hierarchy of needs model, he described it as the primary need required by a person to reach his fullest potential.
Carl Rogers was the pioneer of humanistic school of thought in psychology, he believed that a human tendency is to grow, fulfil his potentials and to achieve highest level of "human-beingness". According to him for a person to be able to reach to his full potential one needs to live in environment that provides them acceptance (to receive unconditional positive regards from others), genuineness (to be able to disclose oneself or open up to others) and empathy (to be understood and listened to by others).
Self actualization: Carl rogers described self-actualization as the human tendency to reach to his fullest potential, he described it as the primary motive of a person. He described that there is an underlying tendency of actualization in a human being, which is directs him to maintain and increase his capabilities which leads him towards his fullest potential.
Humanistic therapy is based on humanistic approach is an approach to mental health care emphasizing upon personal growth and responsibility, free will or freedom of choice and reaching to one's fullest potential also defined as self actualization. These are the basis of humanistic therapy. It was developed by Carl Roger's and it is known as Client centered therapy or person centered therapy.
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