Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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What is happening to the electrons and charges in the
Transcribed Image Text:**Diagram of Ionic Bonding Between Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl)**
1. **Initial Atomic Structure:**
- The left diagram shows a Sodium (Na) atom with its electronic configuration: three concentric circles representing electron shells. The inner two shells are full, with electrons shown as blue dots, while the outermost shell has one electron (Na).
- The right diagram displays a Chlorine (Cl) atom with its electronic configuration: three concentric circles depicting electron shells. The inner shells are full, depicted with electrons as green dots, and the outer shell has seven electrons (Cl).
2. **Formation of Ionic Bond:**
- The process is indicated by an arrow pointing from the single electron in the outer shell of Sodium to the Chlorine atom, illustrating the transfer of this electron to Chlorine.
- This results in the formation of ions: Sodium becomes a positively charged ion (Na⁺) due to the loss of one electron, and Chlorine becomes a negatively charged ion (Cl⁻) after gaining an electron.
**Final Ionic Structure:**
- The final configuration shows Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions. Sodium’s outer shell is empty now (as it lost an electron), and Chlorine’s outer shell is complete with eight electrons, exemplifying a stable electron arrangement.
- This ionic interaction is highlighted with the label "Ionic Bond!" indicating the electrostatic attraction between Na⁺ and Cl⁻ that constitutes the ionic bond.
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