What is "bus contention" and what must be done to prevent it from occurring? Explain with example.
What is bus contention in computer design?
A computer’s bus or buses can have various devices situated on them, e.g. one or more CPUs, DMA controllers, various I/O, memory, etc. Often, only 1 device can be sending data at a time and only 1 device receives data at a time (although it is possible for multiple devices to receive the same data at the same time).
To do this, firstly you need to create some type of protocol or hardware arbiter that decides which device gets to send at any one time. In many , there is a request bus signal, and a grant bus signal.
Bus contention happen when a device requires the bus to send data, but can’t get it because some other device is using the bus.
The request and granting of the bus can be done on shared control signals, as long as it is done in a way similar to a software semaphore or lock operation.
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